68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT in Medulloblastoma

Arunraj, Sreedharan Thankarajan; Parida, Girish Kumar; Damle, Nishikant; Arora, Saurabh; Reddy, Sreenivasa; Chakraborty, Debesh; Prabhu, Meghna; Tripathi, Madhavi; Bal, Chandrasekhar

doi:10.1097/rlu.0000000000002021

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Medulloblastomas in our cohort consistently expressed tumoral cell surface SST2A, in accord with previous reports describing SST2A expression within this histopathologic diagnosis when evaluated through a combination of different assays, including IHC, mRNA levels, somatostatin receptor autoradiography, somatostatin receptor scintigraphy, and/or SST2A-radiolabeled nuclear imaging (e.g., DOTATATE PET) ( 13 – 16 , 20 , 21 , 26 – 31 ). Our findings confirm and expand upon this earlier work by illustrating a high prevalence of membranous (i.e., functional and targetable) SST2A protein expression among medulloblastoma cases assessed by strict immunohistochemical measures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Immunohistochemical assessment and clinical, histopathologic, and molecular correlates of membranous somatostatin type-2A receptor expression in high-risk pediatric central nervous system tumors

et al. 2022

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Introduction177Lu-DOTATATE, a radionuclide therapy that binds somatostatin type-2A receptors (SST2A), has demonstrated efficacy in neuroendocrine tumors and evidence of central nervous system (CNS) penetration, supporting potential expansion within pediatric neuro-oncology. Understanding the prevalence of SST2A expression across pediatric CNS tumors is essential to identify patients who may benefit from somatostatin receptor-targeted therapy and to further elucidate the oncogenic role of SST2A.MethodsSST2A immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on tumor specimens and interpreted by an experienced pathologist (blinded), utilizing semi-quantitative scoring of membranous expression within viable tumor. Immunoreactive cell percentage was visually scored as 0 (none), 1 (<10%), 2 (10-50%), 3 (51-80%), or 4 (>80%). Staining intensity was scored as 0 (none), 1 (weak), 2 (moderate), or 3 (strong). Combined scores for each specimen were calculated by multiplying percent immunoreactivity and staining intensity values (Range: 0-12).ResultsA total of 120 tumor samples from 114 patients were analyzed. Significant differences in SST2A IHC scores were observed across histopathologic diagnoses, with consistently high scores in medulloblastoma (mean ± SD: 7.5 ± 3.6 [n=38]) and meningioma (5.7 ± 3.4 [n=15]), compared to minimal or absent expression in ATRT (0.3 ± 0.6 [n=3]), ETMR (1.0 ± 0 [n=3]), ependymoma (grades I-III; 0.2 ± 0.7 [n=27]), and high-grade glioma (grades III-IV; 0.4 ± 0.7 [n=23]). Pineoblastoma (3.8 ± 1.5 [n=4]) and other embryonal tumors (2.0 ± 4.0 [n=7]) exhibited intermediate, variable expression. Among medulloblastomas, SST2A IHC scores were higher in non-SHH (8.5 ± 3.1) than SHH (5.0 ± 3.3) molecular subgroups (p=0.033). In a subset of paired primary and recurrent specimens from four patients, SST2A IHC scores remained largely unchanged.DiscussionHigh membranous SST2A expression was demonstrated in medulloblastoma, meningioma, and some rarer embryonal tumors with potential diagnostic, biologic, and therapeutic implications. Somatostatin receptor-targeted therapy such as 177Lu-DOTATATE deserves further investigation in these highly SST2A-expressing pediatric CNS tumors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Immunohistochemical assessment and clinical, histopathologic, and molecular correlates of membranous somatostatin type-2A receptor expression in high-risk pediatric central nervous system tumors

et al. 2022

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“…In addition, the radionuclide 68 Ga has a half-life of 68 min and is readily available through the [ 68 Ge]/[ 68 Ga] generator. The radiolabeling can be applied using the bifunctional chelator (BFC) to bridge 68 Ga and the biomolecules [205]. In another case report, Veldhuijzen van Zanten, et el.…”

Section: Investigational Probesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Neuroimaging Approaches to Pediatric Brain Tumors

Nikam¹,

Yue²,

Kaur³

et al. 2022

Cancers

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Central nervous system tumors are the most common pediatric solid tumors; they are also the most lethal. Unlike adults, childhood brain tumors are mostly primary in origin and differ in type, location and molecular signature. Tumor characteristics (incidence, location, and type) vary with age. Children present with a variety of symptoms, making early accurate diagnosis challenging. Neuroimaging is key in the initial diagnosis and monitoring of pediatric brain tumors. Conventional anatomic imaging approaches (computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) are useful for tumor detection but have limited utility differentiating tumor types and grades. Advanced MRI techniques (diffusion-weighed imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, functional MRI, arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging, MR spectroscopy, and MR elastography) provide additional and improved structural and functional information. Combined with positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission CT (SPECT), advanced techniques provide functional information on tumor metabolism and physiology through the use of radiotracer probes. Radiomics and radiogenomics offer promising insight into the prediction of tumor subtype, post-treatment response to treatment, and prognostication. In this paper, a brief review of pediatric brain cancers, by type, is provided with a comprehensive description of advanced imaging techniques including clinical applications that are currently utilized for the assessment and evaluation of pediatric brain tumors.

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“…Arunraj et al documented a case of cerebellar desmoplastic medulloblastoma, which presented recurrence more than once and resulted in being positive at the examination with [ 68 Ga] DOTANOC PET/CT [21]. Of note, the demonstration of affinity for [ 68 Ga] DOTA-compounds in some pediatric tumors opens the door to possible therapeutic applications, since these radiopharmaceuticals can be labeled with beta-emitter radionuclides, such as 177 Lutetium ([ 177 Lu], half life: 6.647 days) or 90 Yttrium ([ 90 Y], half life: half life: 64.1 h).…”

Section: Imaging Of Somatostatin Receptors: ( 111 Indium-diethylenetrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Imaging in Pediatric Brain Tumors

Chiaravalloti

Filippi

Ricci

et al. 2019

Cancers

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In the last decade, several radiopharmaceuticals have been developed and investigated for imaging in vivo of pediatric brain tumors with the aim of exploring peculiar metabolic processes as glucose consumption, amino-acid metabolism, and protein synthesis with nuclear medicine techniques. Although the clinical shreds of evidence are limited, preliminary results are encouraging. In this review, we performed web-based and desktop research summarizing the most relevant findings of the literature published to date on this topic. Particular attention was given to the wide spectrum of nuclear medicine advances and trends in pediatric neurooncology and neurosurgery. Furthermore, the role of somatostatin receptor imaging through single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) probes, with reference to their potential therapeutic implications, was examined in the peculiar context. Preliminary results show that functional imaging in pediatric brain tumors might lead to significant improvements in terms of diagnostic accuracy and it could be of help in the management of the disease.

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68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT in Medulloblastoma

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Immunohistochemical assessment and clinical, histopathologic, and molecular correlates of membranous somatostatin type-2A receptor expression in high-risk pediatric central nervous system tumors

Immunohistochemical assessment and clinical, histopathologic, and molecular correlates of membranous somatostatin type-2A receptor expression in high-risk pediatric central nervous system tumors

Advanced Neuroimaging Approaches to Pediatric Brain Tumors

Molecular Imaging in Pediatric Brain Tumors

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