80 PREMATURES IRON DEFICIENCY PREVENTION: USE OF A FORTIFIED MILK FORMULA (Preliminaries datas)

Abstract

INTA U. de Chile. Chile. I n t r o p i c a l camtries with poor environmental sanitation mild t o severe non specific changes i n t h e small i n t e s t i n a l morphology and function have been described. This study was carried out t o investigate whether similar changes occur i n countries of temperate climate and poor sanitation. Fifteen young healthy volunteers, who belonged t o t h e lowest socioeconomic s t r a t u s were studied. They l i v e i n periurban slums i n Santiago, where high contamination indexes prevail. Evaluation of t h e nutritional s t a t u s (physical examination, anthm120metry, biochemical ), i n t e s t i n a l function (serum carotene and vit.A. blood xylose a f t e r 5g o r a l standard dose, disaccharidases, dwdenal biopsy, nitrogen and f a t balance), stool p a r a s i t e s and s t o o l culture were performed. Nutritional s t a t u s was normal i n all cases.0ne subject had semm carotene below 60ugk. One hour blood xylose was below 20md i n 67% of cases. Serum vitamin A and disaccharidases were normal i n a l l cases. G. Lamblia and/or Ent.Hystol i t i c a were obtained the s t o o l s i n 7 subjects. Stool c u l t u r e s was negative i n all cases. Light microscopy of t h e mucosa s h e wed mild unspecific changes. Electron microscopy revealed mild t o roderate patchy changes i n the brushborder and basal memtram Nitrogen and f a t balance were normal i n a l l cases. Mild nonspecific changes of the small i n t e s t i n a l morphology and function suggest a mild environmental enteropathy of l e s s e r magnitude than those described i n t r o p i c a l countries. There e x i s t s d a t a on t h e f e a s i b i l i t y and need of reinduct i o n of lactation. This i s understood as a physiological process through which l a c t a t i o n is s t a r t e d again i n women who have e a r l y weaned t h e i r children. As part of a program f o r joint mother and sick infant hospitalization, r e l a c t a t i o n was induced i n 100 i n f a n t s ages 6 months o r l e s s , which were hospitalized due t o severe acute diarrhea with dehydratation, acidosis o r shock. Weaning had been complete i n 71 and p a r t i a l i n 29 infants. Relactation was based on the strong motivation of the mother, the family group and t h e health team, i n s t a l a t i o n of s e l f demand breast feeding, progressive reduction of cow milk b o t t l e feeding and c a l o r i c supplementation f o r t h e mother.Abmlute r e l a c t a t i o n (only breast feeding) was obtained i n 29i n f a n t s with an average duration of l a c t a t i o n of 55 days (range 7-150). P a r t i a l r e l a c t a t i o n (adding up t o two b o t t l e s d a i l y ) was obtained i n 23 i n f a n t s with an average deration of 21 days (range 7-60 ). IRON NUTRITION I N CHILEAN BREAST FED INFANTS.I / E.Hertrampf, M.Cinamama, S.Llamno and A. Stekel. I n s t i t u t e of Nutrition and Food Technology, Univer s i t y of Chile, Santiago.Recent evidence sudgests t h a t iron i n human milk has a high b i~ a v a i l a b i l i t y...