899. Echinacea Tennesseensis

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SummaryThe North American Prairie plant, Parthenium integrifolium L. (Compositae: Heliantheae: Ambrosiinae) is described and illustrated. Related genera in the subtribe are commented on, as well as the better‐known species, P. argentatum A. Gray, the Guayule Rubber Plant, and infrageneric taxonomy within Parthenium L., in addition to the characteristics of the genus. Aspects of cultivation, propagation, pests and diseases and availability for P. integrifolium are also noted. A full synonymy of this rather variable species is provided, together with type citations, locations of known types, and related commentary. The distribution, habitat and ecology, phenology, common names and conservation status are stated or discussed, together with comments on usage, and the species' roots being used as an adulterant in preparations of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.

“…(see Hind, 2023;Hind & Lambkin, 2023), Echinacea Moench (see, e.g. Hind, 1987Hind, , 2018Hind, , 2023, or Vernonia Schreb. (see Hind & Langhorne, 2023).…”

Section: Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(see Hind, 2023; Hind & Lambkin, 2023), Echinacea Moench (see, e.g. Hind, 1987, 2018, 2023), or Vernonia Schreb. (see Hind & Langhorne, 2023).…”

Section: Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

1081. Parthenium integrifolium L.: Compositae

Hind,

King

2023

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“…– Hooker, 1861; – Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt.–Figure 3; E. purpurea (L.) Moench – Curtis, 1787; Hind, 1987 & Figure 4; E. tennesseensis (Beadle) Small, Hind, 2018a & Figure 5; Gaillardia aristata Pursh – Great‐flowered Gaillardia , Hooker, 1829 & Figure 6; several species of Helianthus L. – H. salicifolius A. Dietr – Hind & Smith, 2018 & Figure 7; H. decapetalus L. – Hooker, 1836a, H. mollis Lam. – Hooker, 1838.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the Compositae of the North American Prairies

Hind

2023

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SummaryThe North American Prairie landscape at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew at Wakehurst Place, Ardingly, West Sussex, is discussed. The abundance of the Compositae in the North American Prairies is outlined, by tribe, and comments provided on a range of 105 interesting Compositae that could be considered in prairie plantings, for dry, moist and wet situations. The exclusion of a number of plants that are most unsuitable for prairie plantings is also covered, with whole tribes, such as the Cardueae and Anthemideae, excluded from potential planting schemes, and a limited selection made from the Lactuceae and Senecioneae. The Astereae, other than providing a large selection of potential prairie plants, is discussed more fully, especially with the break‐up of the core genus Aster. Both inside and outside of the prairie environment there have been many taxonomic changes, with name changes of concern to taxonomists and horticulturists alike. Shaw's list is revised, relevant to those he left in Aster, and some observations made on how the splitting of Aster is still an active area of research. The differing propagation methods, in general and for the Compositae in particular, are outlined, covering vegetative propagation methods, and seed harvesting, cleaning, and sowing preparation techniques outlined. A number of previously published plates from Curtis's Botanical Magazine are used to illustrate some of the tribes, and are supplemented by photographs of several species, mostly from the Heliantheae, in cultivation at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. The supportive appendices cover: Appendix 1 – 105 suitable Compositae that can be considered for prairie plantings, each with an indication of tribe, common name/s, publication details of those previously illustrated in Curtis's Botanical Magazine (or in this issue), the plate number under which it was published, together with those republished in this issue, and photographs of a handful of others, together with an indication of the base colour/s of the flowering capitula of each, and Appendix 2 an updated list of the species left in Aster in Shaw's 2014 list following several subsequent transfers into other genera, and a different view of the taxonomy of some of the genera.

900. Rudbeckia Maxima

Hind¹

2018

SummaryRudbeckia maxima Nutt. (Compositae: Heliantheae: Rudbeckiinae) is described and illustrated. Cultivation, propagation and availability notes are provided. The genus Rudbeckia is discussed, and the position of R. maxima commented on, as well as the somewhat unique key character (the reflectiveness of the leaves under UV light) that has been used to distinguish this and two other species. The relationships of Rudbeckia within the tribe Heliantheae are discussed, especially amongst the other coneflowers. The epappose nature of the achene is discussed. It is considered similar to the situation found in Echinacea tennesseensis: the achene is covered in a dark brown corky layer, over the black phytomelanin layer, and extends above the apex of the achene forming a cupule, within which the dilated base of the disc floret corolla sits.