9 Phylogeny and evolution of Annelida based on molecular data

Struck, Torsten H.; Purschke, Günter; Dordel, Janina; Hösel, Christoph; Nesnidal, Maximilian P.; Diersing, Frauke; Bleidorn, Christoph; Paul, Christiane; Hill, Natascha; Tiedemann, Ralph; Selbig, Joachim; Hartmann, Stefanie

doi:10.1515/9783110277524.143

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Similar hooded hooks, however, have also been described in Lumbrineridae, a taxon that clearly belongs to a clade called the Errantia or Aciculata, which consists of at least Eunicida and Phyllodocida (Rouse & Fauchald ; Struck et al. ; Weigert et al. ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Studies of the formation of the hood support the assumption of homology of spionid and capitellid hooded hooks (Hausen & Bartolomaeus 1998;Hausen 2005). Similar hooded hooks, however, have also been described in Lumbrineridae, a taxon that clearly belongs to a clade called the Errantia or Aciculata, which consists of at least Eunicida and Phyllodocida (Rouse & Fauchald 1997;Struck et al 2014;Weigert et al 2014). Both in a molecular phylogenetic analysis of Eunicidae (Zanol et al 2010) and in a recent revision of the taxonomy of Eunicidae based on morphological characters (Zanol et al 2013), lumbrinerids are considered basally branching Eunicida and therefore taken as outgroups for unraveling the phylogeny of the Eunicidae.…”

mentioning

confidence: 60%

“…(), as well as the trees of Rouse & Fauchald () and Struck et al. (, ), clearly favors the assumption that hooded hooks in Eunicida are not homologous to those in spionids and capitellids. According to these trees, it is more likely that hooded hooks evolved at least twice in annelids, corroborating our conclusion that the differing course of chaetogenesis of lumbrinerid hooded hooks reflects convergent evolution with eunicidan hooded hooks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…According to morphological data, Eunicida, Phyllodocida, and Amphinomida form a monophyletic taxon called Errantia or Aciculata, characterized by internal chaetae (aciculae) and antennae among other traits (Rouse & Fauchald 1997;Bartolomaeus 1998). A taxon Errantia consisting of Phyllodocida, Eunicida, Amphinomida, and Orbiniidae is monophyletic in recent molecular analyses by Struck and colleagues (Struck 2011;Struck et al 2011Struck et al , 2014. Weigert et al (2014) could confirm the monophyly of Errantia, if Amphinomida were excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…A taxon Errantia consisting of Phyllodocida, Eunicida, Amphinomida, and Orbiniidae is monophyletic in recent molecular analyses by Struck and colleagues (Struck ; Struck et al. , ). Weigert et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chaetal arrangement and chaetogenesis of hooded hooks in Lumbrineris (Scoletoma) fragilis and Lumbrineris tetraura (Eunicida, Annelida)

Ekin

Hausen

Bartolomaeus

2014

Invertebrate Biology

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As the structure and arrangement of chaetae are highly specific for annelid species and higher taxonomic entities, we assume that rather conservative information guarantees formation of specific chaetae. Each chaeta of an annelid is formed within an ectodermal invagination, and the modulation of the apical microvilli pattern of the basalmost cell of this invagination determines the structure of the chaeta. Any hypothesis of the homology of chaetae could thus be tested by examining the process of chaetal formation. Investigations into the ultrastructure and formation of hooded hooks in different capitellids and spionids revealed that these chaetae can be homologized. The hood of each of their hooded hooks is formed by elongation of two rings of microvilli peripheral to the chaetal anlage, which give rise to the inner and outer layers of the hood. The hood layers are well separated and surround an empty space. Superficially similar hooded hooks are described for certain Eunicida. Presently available cladistic analyses suggest that the hooded hooks of eunicidans evolved independently of those in Capitellidae and Spionidae. Compared with the latter two families, we therefore expected to find differences in chaetogenesis of the hooded hooks in the eunicids Lumbrineris (Scoletoma) fragilis and Lumbrineris tetraura (Lumbrineridae). This was the case. In these eunicidans, the hood was formed by the bisected apical wall of the chaetoblast right after the mid‐apical section of the chaeta had been sunk deeply into the chaetoblast during its formation. The apical wall generated a brush of microvilli that preformed the hood. Because the microvilli of the hood showed some accelerated differentiation, they soon merged with those of the slowly growing setal shaft to form the broad manubrium of the hooded hook in lumbrinerids. Our study confirms the predicted differences in chaetogenesis of the superficially similar hooded hooks of capitellids and spionids compared with those of eunicids.

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confidence: 57%

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confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chaetal arrangement and chaetogenesis of hooded hooks in Lumbrineris (Scoletoma) fragilis and Lumbrineris tetraura (Eunicida, Annelida)

Ekin

Hausen

Bartolomaeus

2014

Invertebrate Biology

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Histological and ultrastructural reconstruction of ventral epidermal glands of Spio (Polychaeta, Spionidae, Annelida)

et al. 2015

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Sclerite-bearing annelids from the lower Cambrian of South China

Han

Morris

Cuthill

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Cambrian annelids are strikingly diverse and reveal important details of annelid character acquisition. Their contribution, however, to a wider understanding of the evolution of the trochozoans (encompassing the annelids as well as such groups as the brachiopods and molluscs) remains limited. Thus the early annelids had been linked to a variety of cataphract Cambrian metazoans, notably Wiwaxia and the halkieriids, but recent work assigns such fossils to stem-group molluscs. Here we report two new annelids from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte, South China. Ipoliknus avitus n. gen., n. sp. is biramous with neurochaetae and notochaetae, but significantly also bears dorsal spinose sclerites and dorso-lateral dentate sclerites. Adelochaeta sinensis n. gen., n. sp. is unique amongst Cambrian polychaetes in possessing the rod-like supports of the parapodia known as aciculae. This supports phylogenetic placement of Adelochaeta as sister to some more derived aciculate Palaeozoic taxa, but in contrast Ipoliknus is recovered as the most basal of the stem-group annelids. Sclerites and chaetae of I. avitus are interpreted respectively as the remnants and derivatives of a once more extensive cataphract covering that was a characteristic of more primitive trochozoans. The two sets of chaetae (noto- and neurochaetae) and two sets of sclerites (spinose and dentate) suggest that in a pre-annelid an earlier and more complete scleritome may have consisted of four zones of sclerites. Other cataphract taxa from the Lower Palaeozoic show a variety of scleritome configurations but establishing direct links with such basal annelids as Ipoliknus at present must remain conjectural.

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9 Phylogeny and evolution of Annelida based on molecular data

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Chaetal arrangement and chaetogenesis of hooded hooks in Lumbrineris (Scoletoma) fragilis and Lumbrineris tetraura (Eunicida, Annelida)

Chaetal arrangement and chaetogenesis of hooded hooks in Lumbrineris (Scoletoma) fragilis and Lumbrineris tetraura (Eunicida, Annelida)

Histological and ultrastructural reconstruction of ventral epidermal glands of Spio (Polychaeta, Spionidae, Annelida)

Sclerite-bearing annelids from the lower Cambrian of South China

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