A 13-Week Dermal Repeat-Dose Neurotoxicity Study of Hydrodesulfurized Kerosene in Rats

Breglia, R.; Bui, Quang Q.; Burnett, Donald M.; Koschier, Francis J.; Lapadula, E.; Podhasky, Paula; Schreiner, Ceinwen A.; White, Russell D.

doi:10.1177/1091581813514282

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…There were no changes in functional observations or motor activity and no pathological changes in nervous system tissue in a study involving repeated dermal application of hydrodesulfurized kerosene at levels up to 495 mg/kg/day (Breglia et al 2014). …”

Section: Neurotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The C9 and C10 aliphatic constituents have been shown to produce acute CNS effects (Carpenter et al 1978, Nilsen et al 1988), but no effects were reported in studies with higher molecular weight constituents (Bowen andBalster 1998, Nilsen et al 1988). No neurological effects were reported in repeated inhalation exposure studies of a C9-C14 aliphatic solvent with approximately 20% aromatic constituents (Kulig 1990), and there were no neurological effects fol-lowing repeated dermal administration of hydrodesulfurized kerosene (Breglia et al 2014). 21 In a carcinogenicity test of Stoddard solvent Type IIC, conducted by the NTP (2004), there was an elevated frequency of pheochromocytoma in male rats and hepatocellular adenoma in female mice.…”

Section: Heavy Aliphatic Solvents (C9-c20)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, repeated exposure to a C9-C14 aliphatic solvent with approximately 20% aromatics did not cause any persistent CNS effects (Kulig 1990), and no effects were reported in a repeated dose neurotoxicity study of hydrodesulfurized kerosene in which the test material was administered by dermal application in rats at doses up to 495 mg/kg/day (Breglia et al 2014). Ritchie et al (2001) investigated the effects of inhaled JP-8 jet fuel.…”

Section: Neurotoxicity Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the dermal administration toxicity studies of hydrodesulfurized kerosene, the test substance was administered repeatedly for 90 days at doses up to approximately 500 mg/kg/day, a level considered to be the highest that could be repeatedly applied without causing severe dermal irritation and stress. In one repeated dose study, the potential for repeated treatment to cause target organ and/or systemic effects was assessed (Breglia et al 2014). The other evaluated the potential for effects on fertility and on the nervous system (Schreiner et al 1997).…”

Section: Repeated Inhalation Toxicity Studies Of Complex C9-c14 Aliphmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dermal administration was used in repeated dose studies of hydrodesulfurized kerosene (Breglia et al 2014, Schreiner et al 1997). These tests have the advantage of directly assessing the most likely route of human exposure, but the use of Table 17.…”

Section: Repeated Dose Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents

McKee

Adenuga

Carrillo

2015

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Hydrocarbon solvents are liquid hydrocarbon fractions derived from petroleum processing streams, containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, with carbon numbers ranging from approximately C5-C20 and boiling between approximately 35-370°C. Many of the hydrocarbon solvents have complex and variable compositions with constituents of 4 types, alkanes (normal paraffins, isoparaffins, and cycloparaffins) and aromatics (primarily alkylated one-and tworing species). Because of the compositional complexity, hydrocarbon solvents are now identified by a nomenclature ("the naming convention") that describes them in terms of physical/ chemical properties and compositional elements. Despite the compositional complexity, most hydrocarbon solvent constituents have similar toxicological properties, and the overall toxicological hazards can be characterized in generic terms. To facilitate hazard characterization, the solvents were divided into 9 groups (categories) of substances with similar physical and chemical properties. Hydrocarbon solvents can cause chemical pneumonitis if aspirated into the lung, and those that are volatile can cause acute CNS effects and/or ocular and respiratory irritation at exposure levels exceeding occupational recommendations. Otherwise, there are few toxicologically important effects. The exceptions, n-hexane and naphthalene, have unique toxicological properties, and those solvents containing constituents for which classification is required under the Globally Harmonized System (GHS) are differentiated by the substance names. Toxicological information from studies of representative substances was used to fulfill REACH registration requirements and to satisfy the needs of the OECD High Production Volume (HPV) initiative. As shown in the examples provided, the hazard characterization data can be used for hazard classification and for occupational exposure limit recommendations. Introduction Scope and purpose of the documentThe present document summarizes information on the physical/ chemical properties and toxicological hazards of hydrocarbon solvents and provides examples of the ways in which the information on hazard characterization can be used for hazard classification and to set occupational exposure limits. Many of the toxicological studies were published separately, but the results are summarized herein and referenced in the appendices.Hydrocarbon solvents are liquid hydrocarbon fractions that are primarily produced by the distillation of petroleum feed stocks or their synthetic analogs (e.g., Fischer-Tropsch derived materials), sometimes followed by additional processing steps such as solvent extraction, hydrodesulfurization, or hydrogenation. 1 Most hydrocarbon solvents are complex substances with variable compositions and are best described as UVCB 2 (unknown and variable composition) substances, but some are single constituent (mono-constituent) substances. The complex and variable nature of these solvents is the consequence of their manufacturing processes. In short, most hydroca...

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Section: Neurotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%