A 2.85 pJ/bit, 52-Gbps NRZ VCSEL Driver with Two-Tap Feedforward Equalization

Valenzuela, Luis A.; Andrade, Hector; Hosseinzadeh, Navid; Maharry, Aaron; Schow, Clint L.; Buckwalter, James F.

doi:10.1109/ims30576.2020.9223818

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…It can be clearly A similar sensitivity analysis has been carried out for for 50 Gb/s PRBS-7 transmission and for a desired step response time of 0.75× . The approximate pulse is offset in time and scaled in amplitude: (24) and the RMSE of the resulting output waveform with respect to the ideal (i.e. target) waveform is obtained.…”

Section: Stretched a Methods And Tolerancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proposed method, named the "Stretched A" (StrA) method, is based on generating a modulating current waveform that approximates the ideal modulating current that produces a linear optical output waveform. Shaping the modulating current waveform has been proposed as a method to improve the high speed performance of DMLs [21], and a few different laser drivers have been developed to apply waveform shaping at the transmitter [22][23][24]. However the currents generated in these schemes are sub-optimal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linearisation Method of DML-Based Transmitters for Optical Communications Part I: Theory and Simulation Studies

Bamiedakis

Cunningham

Penty

2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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The performance of directly-modulated lasers (DMLs) is severely impaired by nonlinear behaviour when operating at high symbol rates. We propose a new linearization method for DML-based transmitters which can significantly reduce nonlinearity. This method, named the "Stretched A" (StrA) method, relies on the generation of an approximation to the ideal modulating current that generates a linear optical output waveform. In Part I of this work, the theoretical framework of the proposed method is presented and detailed simulation studies illustrate its implementation and demonstrate the benefits it offers. Although the method is applicable to any type of DML, the simulation studies presented herein focus on optical links based on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) as these comprise the vast majority of short-reach optical links. Part II of this work presents the proof-of-principle experimental demonstration of this new linearization method and discusses its possible implementations using either analog or digital electronics.

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Section: Stretched a Methods And Tolerancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linearisation Method of DML-Based Transmitters for Optical Communications Part I: Theory and Simulation Studies

Bamiedakis

Cunningham

Penty

2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…The responses were achieved using different delays and amplitude scaling for a two-tap finite impulse response (FIR) filter for each edge of the waveform [15]. The use of analog differentiation circuits to simplify a linear equalizer and reduce power dissipation by removing the need for inductors was reported in [18]. Kozlov et al used an analog AC coupled FIR (effectively differentiators) to implement waveform shaping to mitigate the laser non-linearity [19].…”

Section: A Prior Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linearisation Method of DML-based Transmitters for Optical Communications Part II: Experimental Demonstration and Implementation Methods

Bamiedakis

Cunningham

Penty

2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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In this paper, we report the first experimental demonstration of the Stretched A linearisation method. The theoretical framework of the method and related simulation studies have been presented in Part I of this work. Here, we apply the method on an 850 nm multimode vertical-cavity surfaceemitting laser (VCSEL) specified for operation at 10 Gb/s and demonstrate good quality optical output waveforms with little non-linear distortion at 16 Gb/s using non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulation. An experimental sensitivity analysis on the generation of the required modulating current components demonstrates large tolerance to parameter mismatch. In addition, it is shown that an adaptive gain scheme can improve the tolerance to the timing offset between the current components. Potential hardware implementations using either analog or digital electronics are also discussed.

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SiGe HBTs with ${f_{T}/f_{\max}\,\sim\,375/510GHz}$ Integrated in 45nm PDSOI CMOS

Pekarik

Jain

Kenney

et al. 2021

2021 IEEE BiCMOS and Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuits and Technology Symposium (BCICTS)

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A 2.85 pJ/bit, 52-Gbps NRZ VCSEL Driver with Two-Tap Feedforward Equalization

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

Linearisation Method of DML-Based Transmitters for Optical Communications Part I: Theory and Simulation Studies

Linearisation Method of DML-Based Transmitters for Optical Communications Part I: Theory and Simulation Studies

Linearisation Method of DML-based Transmitters for Optical Communications Part II: Experimental Demonstration and Implementation Methods

SiGe HBTs with ${f_{T}/f_{\max}\,\sim\,375/510GHz}$ Integrated in 45nm PDSOI CMOS

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