A 2D Photographic and 3D Digital Dental Model Analysis of Golden Percentage in Maxillary Anterior Teeth

Ahmed, Naseer; Halim, Mohamad Syahrizal; Ab‐Ghani, Zuryati; Khan, Zafar Ali; Abbasi, Maria Shakoor; Jamayet, Nafij Bin; Alam, Mohammad Khursheed

doi:10.1155/2021/6674400

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Patients' Frankfort occlusal plane was parallel to the floor. The camera lens was placed on the same level as patients' occlusal plane and focused on the contact point of their upper central incisors (11). Before shooting, patients removed all their jewelry, tied their hair to show the face clearly.…”

Section: Photographic Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of combining clinical crown lengthening surgery and botulinum toxin A injection in gummy smile treatment

Ho¹,

Nguyen²,

Dien³

et al. 2022

J. Exp. Clin. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In many cases, the cause of a gummy smile is a combination of many simultaneously occurring factors. Therefore, a single method is certainly not effective in achieving the maximum aesthetic requirements. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of combining clinical tooth crown lengthening surgery and subsequent BTX-A injection in gummy smile treatment using clinical and photographical assessment. 21 patients with an average length of excessive gingival display of at least 4 mm at maximum smiling point and with the height of keratinized gingiva ≥ 3 mm were recruited. Gingival exposure (GE) and clinical crown length (CCL) were measured at baseline (T0), two months after clinical crown lengthening surgery (T1), two weeks after BTX-A injection (T2), two months after BTX-A injection (T3). GE values at T1, T2 and T3 were significantly different (p <0.001). CCL was significantly changed after gingivectomy surgery (T1) compared to preoperative value (T0) (p <0.001). BTX-A could be considered a favorable adjunctive treatment for gummy smile patients after gingivectomy surgery.

show abstract

Section: Photographic Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of combining clinical crown lengthening surgery and botulinum toxin A injection in gummy smile treatment

Ho¹,

Nguyen²,

Dien³

et al. 2022

J. Exp. Clin. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Crown width to length ratio is considered as the most stable parameter, essential to achieve a harmony between dental esthetics and facial contours [ 6 ]. For maxillary anterior teeth, several theories exist suggesting the ideal proportions that may result in esthetic results such as golden proportion, golden percentage, and recurring esthetic dental proportion [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While Chu [ 10 ] reported a CWHR of 78% for all maxillary anterior teeth using “Chu's esthetic proportion gauge,” Shahid et al [ 11 ] and Yuan et al [ 5 ] utilized digital calipers to measure the dimensions of maxillary teeth and reported significant differences only in terms of crown widths and height between males and females and not in CWHR. With advancements in digital dentistry, 3D digital models and software are now being used for easier and faster measurements of dental clinical parameters [ 7 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Maxillary Anterior Teeth Crown Width-Height Ratios: A Photographic, Three-Dimensional, and Standardized Plaster Model’s Study

Ahmed

Halim

Aslam

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective. To analyze the width and height ratios of maxillary anterior teeth at different crown levels through photographs, 3D, and plaster dental model techniques in a subset of the Pakistani population. Material and Methods. This clinical study consisted of 230 participants. The maxillary impression, standardized photographs, and models were constructed for crown width and height analysis. The SPSS version 25 was used for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistics were carried out for mean, standard deviation, and percentage calculation of teeth width and height, gender, and age of participants. Paired t -test analysis was carried out to compare the dependent variables (teeth size, width, and height ratios) with independent variables (techniques applied, side disparity). A p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results. The mean width and height of maxillary anterior teeth obtained through photographs, 3D, and plater models were statistically different. The 3D dental model analysis showed reliable and accurate results. The mean width and height ratio of teeth were different on both sides of the arch. There was a significant difference ( p = 0.001 ) in crown width-height ratios at different crown levels. Conclusion. The width and height ratios in the studied population were different at various crown levels. The dimensions of teeth varied from the incisal to the cervical part of the crown. Hence, rather than relying on a single, fixed ratio of 78% to 80% suggested by researchers for anterior teeth, the clinician should adopt different crown width-height ratios to restore teeth with the optimum esthetic outcome.

show abstract

“…"In terms of dental proportions, golden proportion (GP) is one of the most commonly used tools to evaluate anterior teeth width [2]. The Preston proportion, golden percentage, and recurring esthetic dental (RED) proportion are other methods that have been developed over time, to determine the maxillary anterior teeth width [5][6][7]. Golden proportion states that the width of the maxillary lateral incisor should be 62% of maxillary central incisors and the width of maxillary canines should be 62% of maxillary lateral incisors when viewed from the front [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Preston proportion (PRP) proposes that the width of the maxillary lateral incisor should be 66% of the maxillary central incisor and maxillary canine should be 55% of the maxillary lateral incisors when viewed from the front [10]. The recurring esthetic dental proportion is based on the different widths and height of the maxillary anterior teeth that no other dental proportion has previously described" [7,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Lower Facial Third and Dental Proportions to Predict Maxillary Anterior Teeth Width in the Pakistani Population

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obtaining the size of the maxillary anterior teeth when performing an esthetic smile rehabilitation can be a difficult task. Metrics based on dental proportions to assist in the process are required. This study aimed to evaluate the lower facial third proportions i.e., the interalar, interphiltral, and intercommisural distance with dental proportions in predicting maxillary anterior teeth width in Pakistani citizens. This analytical study was conducted on 230 participants. Front face and retracted smile photographs were captured for all the participants, followed by maxillary impression making. The cast was then converted to 3D models for analysis. The data were entered into SPSS-25. Descriptive statistics were carried out for frequency, mean, standard deviation, and percentage calculation of gender, teeth widths, horizontal mid facial proportions, and age of the participants. Independent t-test was applied for analysis of gender and arch side disparity. Regression analyses were performed to analyze the relationship between independent variables (gender, age, weight, and height) and dependent variables (horizontal facial proportion, dental proportion). A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. The interphiltral distance (IPLD) modified with Preston proportion (PRP) showed no significant difference with combined central incisor width, whereas a significant difference was found with golden proportion (GP), 70% recurrent esthetic dental (RED) proportion, and golden percentage (GM) modification. However, the interalar (IAD) and intercommisural distance (ICoD) modified with dental proportions showed a significant difference with maxillary anterior teeth width. The width of maxillary anterior teeth determined by plaster dental cast and 3D dental cast showed no significant difference. The ICoD, IAD, and IPLD could not be used to determine combined central incisor and intercanine width directly. The interphiltral distance modified with Preston proportion is a reliable method to predict combined central incisor width in the population studied. There was a significant difference in gender disparity when ICD, IAD, and IPLD were modified with dental proportions, except in the case of IPLD by the Preston proportion group. The golden proportion, 70% RED proportion, and golden percentage by lower facial third facial proportions are not reliable methods to predict maxillary anterior teeth width.

show abstract

A 2D Photographic and 3D Digital Dental Model Analysis of Golden Percentage in Maxillary Anterior Teeth

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Efficacy of combining clinical crown lengthening surgery and botulinum toxin A injection in gummy smile treatment

Efficacy of combining clinical crown lengthening surgery and botulinum toxin A injection in gummy smile treatment

An Analysis of Maxillary Anterior Teeth Crown Width-Height Ratios: A Photographic, Three-Dimensional, and Standardized Plaster Model’s Study

Analysis of Lower Facial Third and Dental Proportions to Predict Maxillary Anterior Teeth Width in the Pakistani Population

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About