A 3 m.y. record of Pliocene-Pleistocene loess in, interior Alaska

Westgate, John A.; Stemper, Becky A.; Péwé, Troy L.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1990)018<0858:amyrop>2.3.co;2

Cited by 138 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…The longest loess record exposed at Gold Hill west of Fairbanks covers about 3 Ma (Westgate et al, 1990) including the BrunhesMatuyama reversal (Evans et al, 2011). The Pleistocene sequence of Gold Hill trench 1b was dated by different geochronological methods (fission track, 10 Be, AMS 14 C, thermoluminescence [TL] and infrared stimulated luminescence [IRSL]) to cover about 600 ka (Berger, 2003;Muhs et al, 2003).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12) shows a clear differentiation of unit A and C. While unit A is controlled by moist pollen associations (pollen 1) and the coarse-grained fraction of endmember 1 (EM1), unit C is characterized by dry pollen associations (pollen 2), the fine-grained fraction of endmember 2 (EM2), higher carbonate Old Crow tephra (OCt) 140 ± 10 Fairbanks area Preece et al, 2011;Westgate et al, 1990 content and higher magnetic susceptibility. The higher variability of sediment and pollen data in unit C is also shown in Fig.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Paleo-proxy Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Quaternary paleoenvironmental records from the Chatanika River valley near Fairbanks (Alaska)

Schirrmeister

Meyer

Andreev

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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a b s t r a c tPerennially-frozen deposits are considered as excellent paleoenvironmental archives similar to lacustrine, deep marine, and glacier records because of the long-term and good preservation of fossil records under stable permafrost conditions. A permafrost tunnel in the Vault Creek Valley (Chatanika River Valley, near Fairbanks) exposes a sequence of frozen deposits and ground ice that provides a comprehensive set of proxies to reconstruct the late Quaternary environmental history of Interior Alaska. The multi-proxy approach includes different dating techniques (radiocarbon-accelerator mass spectrometry [AMS 14 The studied sequence consists of 36-m-thick late Quaternary deposits above schistose bedrock. Main portions of the sequence accumulated during the early and middle Wisconsin periods. The lowermost unit A consists of about 9-m-thick ice-bonded fluvial gravels with sand and peat lenses. A late Sangamon (MIS 5a) age of unit A is assumed. Spruce forest with birch, larch, and some shrubby alder dominated the vegetation. High presence of Sphagnum spores and Cyperaceae pollen points to mires in the Vault Creek Valley. The overlying unit B consists of 10-m-thick alternating fluvial gravels, loess-like silt, and sand layers, penetrated by small ice wedges. OSL dates support a stadial early Wisconsin (MIS 4) age of unit B. Pollen and plant macrofossil data point to spruce forests with some birch interspersed with wetlands around the site. The following unit C is composed of 15-m-thick ice-rich loess-like and organic-rich silt with fossil bones and large ice wedges. Unit C formed during the interstadial mid-Wisconsin (MIS 3) and stadial late Wisconsin (MIS 2) as indicated by radiocarbon ages. Post-depositional slope processes significantly deformed both, ground ice and sediments of unit C. Pollen data show that spruce forests and wetlands dominated the area. The macrofossil remains of Picea, Larix, and Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia also prove the existence of boreal coniferous forests during the mid-Wisconsin interstadial, which were replaced by treeless tundra-steppe vegetation during the late Wisconsin stadial. Unit C is discordantly overlain by the 2-m-thick late Holocene deposits of unit D. The pollen record of unit D indicates boreal forest vegetation similar to the modern one.The permafrost record from the Vault Creek tunnel reflects more than 90 ka of periglacial landscape dynamics triggered by fluvial and eolian accumulation, and formation of ice-wedge polygons and postdepositional deformation by slope processes. The record represents a typical Wisconsin valley-bottom facies in Central Alaska.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis Of Paleo-proxy Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Quaternary paleoenvironmental records from the Chatanika River valley near Fairbanks (Alaska)

Schirrmeister

Meyer

Andreev

et al. 2016

Quaternary Science Reviews

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“…BegeH t (2001) o!ers a historical review of loess studies in Beringia and the rich archive they contain of Quaternary terrestrial environments on timescales that surpass most lacustrine records. The fortuitous interbedding of loess with abundant distal tephras across eastern Beringia o!ers outstanding opportunity for numerical dating of the sequences (Westgate et al, 1990;Preece et al, 1992). Combined with paleomagnetic studies, these loess deposits can be directly compared with critical marine chronologies for assessing di!erences between terrestrial and marine evidence of climate change.…”

Section: Loess And`yedomaa Sediment Archivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New perspectives on Beringian Quaternary paleogeography, stratigraphy, and glacial history

Brigham‐Grette

2001

Quaternary Science Reviews

115

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Aspects of the paleogeography, stratigraphy, and glacial history of Beringia have been greatly revised over the past 15}20 yr. Access to North East Russia, in particular, has provided the opportunity to evaluate the Beringia landscape as a contiguous subcontinent during the Quaternary. For the "rst time, new research has made clearer the connection between tectonic forces and the submergence of the Bering Strait during the middle Pliocene. Revisions in the regional stratigraphy of glacial and interglacial deposits in northwest Alaska and northeast Russia provide a new foundation for assessing the causes for di!erences in glacial ice extent through time. The consensus of all "eld workers veri"es that glacial ice throughout most of Beringia was of very limited extent during the last glacial maximum. The onset of regional glaciation during the waning stages of the last interglaciation is clearly out of phase with glaciation at lower latitudes. Despite the lack of much glacial activity during the early Holocene, Alaska contains a rich record of late Holocene glacial response to Neoglacial cooling. Changes in the Holocene environment of Beringia likely had a profound a!ect on early inhabitants. The curiosity-driven vision and spirit of both David Hopkins and the late Troy Pewe have had a profound in#uence on Arctic paleoenvironmental research.

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“…Troy Péwé's monumental studies (1975aPéwé's monumental studies ( , 1975bPéwé's monumental studies ( , 1989 were the first synthesis of the stratigraphy of the Quaternary deposits in the Fairbanks area. This was later refined with the application of tephrochronology and magnetostratigraphy (Westgate et al, 1990) so that it is now possible to see that the gold-bearing deposits extend, with hiatuses, from the medial Pliocene through the Pleistocene.…”

Section: Canis Lupus Linnaeus 1758mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae)

Tedford¹,

Wang²,

Taylor

2009

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

220

334

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A 3 m.y. record of Pliocene-Pleistocene loess in, interior Alaska

Cited by 138 publications

References 0 publications

Late Quaternary paleoenvironmental records from the Chatanika River valley near Fairbanks (Alaska)

Late Quaternary paleoenvironmental records from the Chatanika River valley near Fairbanks (Alaska)

New perspectives on Beringian Quaternary paleogeography, stratigraphy, and glacial history

Phylogenetic Systematics of the North American Fossil Caninae (Carnivora: Canidae)

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