A 5G-Enabling Technology: Benefits, Feasibility, and Limitations of In-Band Full-Duplex mMIMO

Xia, Xiaochen; Xu, Kui; Wang, Yurong; Xu, Youyun

doi:10.1109/mvt.2018.2792198

Cited by 94 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…On the basis of the order of the increasing channel gain, any user decodes the signals of other users whose decoding order comes before that user for interference cancellation. ( , P , A P , P , , s) For reading convenience, here, we present the proof of the general forms of LTs (12), (13), (14), and (15). First, for G Ray (1, P , A P , P , 0, s), by using the generating functional of a PPP 34 and the small-scale Rayleigh fading assumption h u,v ∼ exp(1), we have…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where (a) follows from result (8.351.3) in the work of Gradshteyn and Ryzhik. 37 By using (3.194.3), result (14) can be easily achieved. (N, P , A P , P , z, s) Similarly, for G Gam (N, P , A P , P , z, s), using the fact that the small-scale fading follows a Gamma distribution g v,u ∼ Γ (N, 1) and the access distance satisfies the constraint condition |X v,u | ⩾ z, the corresponding LT is given by…”

Section: S)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the conventional wired backhaul link generates reliability with a high data rate, it is impractical and of high cost to have wired connections among all SBSs in densely deployed HetNets. Therefore, the concept of wireless backhaul link has come to the forefront and has been regarded as a suitable and cost‐effective solution . Recently, the two‐frequency‐band backhaul scheme has been proposed in some works, where the backhaul link and the access link occupy two different frequency bands, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective self‐backhaul scheme for massive MIMO–enabled full‐duplex heterogeneous networks by exploiting NOMA

Jia

Yang

et al. 2019

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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By integrating full‐duplex (FD) and nonorthogonal multiple‐access (NOMA) techniques for wireless self‐backhaul at small‐cell base stations (SBSs), a novel multitier heterogeneous network (HetNet) is proposed. In the HetNet, NOMA is used at SBSs for combing backhaul and downlink (DL) signals. As a result, at each SBS, the backhaul, uplink transmission, and DL transmission are executed simultaneously, whereas the FD macro base stations (MBSs) communicate with mobile users (MUs) and transceive backhaul signals from associated SBSs by using massive‐MIMO antennas. The simple time‐division duplex is performed for the communications between MBSs and MUs so that a round of communications consists of MBS‐MU‐DL and MBS‐MU‐UL phases. This work particularly focuses on the MBS‐MU‐DL phase. By assuming the HetNet to be fully loaded, this paper first models the distribution of active SBSs and those of the interference received at the different types of receivers. Then, by formulating the received signal‐to‐interference ratios, this paper obtains the coverage probabilities of the MU‐SBS‐MBS uplink backhaul and MU DLs as well as the spectrum and energy efficiencies. The presented simulations and numerical results show that the integration of FD and NOMA at SBSs is an effective solution for creating the backhaul between FD‐SBS and FD‐MBS. It is obtained that when the power‐sharing coefficient allocated for a small‐cell DL is small, the coverage probability of SBS DL transmission increases; otherwise, it decreases. However, the coverage probabilities of the MBS DL and MU‐SBS‐MBS backhaul link monotonically vary with the power‐sharing coefficient. It is also achieved that the power‐sharing coefficient imposes the effect on the energy efficiencies of the MU‐SBS‐MBS backhaul link and MU DL in inverse directions. At the same time, it is found that the achieved energy efficiency gain depends greatly on the resolution of massive‐MIMO antennas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective self‐backhaul scheme for massive MIMO–enabled full‐duplex heterogeneous networks by exploiting NOMA

Jia

Yang

et al. 2019

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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“…The orthogonal STBC is designed such that the vectors representing any pair of columns taken from the source-to-th r relay coding matrix sr H is orthogonal, i.e., the STBC converts the vector channel in scalar channel. For orthogonal STBC designs the conditional SNR at the receiver can be given as Euclidean norm or the Frobenius norm of the channel times average SNR as in (1) [4]. 2 , sr sr sr F H  = (1) where sr  denotes the conditional SNR of the source-to-th r relay fading link, sr  denotes the average conditional SNR of the source-to-th r relay fading link and 2 sr F H denotes the Frobenius norm or 2 L norm.…”

Section: End-to-end Symbol Error Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 5 th generation (5G) wireless communication systems will require a major paradigm shift to meet the increasing demand for reliable connectivity through high data rates, low latency, better energy efficiency, and Femto cell-based relays [1][2][3]. These relay nodes are equipped with energy harvesting (EH) techniques in the relaying network to improve energy efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Selective-Decode and Forward Relaying Protocol over k-µ Fading Channel Distribution

Shankar¹,

Bhardwaj²,

Mishra³

2020

JTIT

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In this work, we examine the performance of selective-decode and forward (S-DF) relay systems over κ-µ fading channel condition. We discuss about the probability density function (PDF), system model, and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of κ-µ distributed envelope and signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the techniques to generate samples that follow κ-µ distribution. Specifically, we consider the case where the source-torelay (S→R), relay-to-destination (R→D) and source-to-destination (S→D) link is subject to the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) κ-µ fading. From the simulation results, the enhancement in the symbol error rate (SER) with a stronger line of sight (LOS) component is observed. This shows that S-DF relaying systems can perform well even in the non-fading or LOS conditions. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted for various values of fading parameters and the outcomes closely match with theoretical outcomes which validate the derivations.Keywords: multiple input multiple output, selective decode and forward, symbol error rate, channel fading, relaying protocol, signal to noise ratio, channel state information. IntroductionThe 5 th generation (5G) wireless communication systems will require a major paradigm shift to meet the increasing demand for reliable connectivity through high data rates, low latency, better energy efficiency, and Femto cell-based relays [1][2][3]. These relay nodes are equipped with energy harvesting (EH) techniques in the relaying network to improve energy efficiency. Cooperative communication is the natural choice for 5G wireless communication system, and it is adopted in 3 rd generation partnership project (3GPP), universal mobile telecommunications service (UMTS), long term evolution (LTE)-Advanced and IEEE 802.11 because the nodes in the cooperative communication network can share their resources with each other during the signal transmission [4][5][6]. Also, it is incorporated into numerous 5G wireless applications, such as machine-to-machine (M2M), device-to-device (D2D), cognitive radio (CR), high speed terrestrial network (HSTN) & free space optical (FSO) communication [7][8][9][10].Relay-assisted cooperation is the first step towards the 5G system that is expected to deliver up to 20Gbps in downlink (D/L) and 10Gbps in uplink (U/L) will be benchmarked by network operators during initial rollouts in the next few years [11][12]. The relay infrastructure does not need wired network connection, thus offering a reduction in the backhaul costs of the operator. Through the additional cooperative diversity inherent in such wireless systems, cooperative wireless communication significantly improves end-to-end reliability. If the direct source-to-destination (SD) channel is in a deep fade, the main advantage of the cooperative communication is that the destination node can still receive the source signal via the relay node.According to the signal receiving and transmitting, there are two basic methods of relaying: analog & digital. Analog relaying is also called no...

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Full‐Duplex Communications Antennas

Smida,

Khaledian,

Farzami

et al. 2024

Encyclopedia of RF and Microwave Engineering

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Single‐antenna in‐band full‐duplex communication technology has the potential to substantially increase spectral efficiency. However, the implementation of full‐duplex systems is constrained by the cancellation of self‐interference (SI). This chapter provides an overview of all methodologies used to maintain a low level of SI in real‐time. First, a new analog SI cancellation technique is proposed. A radiofrequency (RF) circulator is used to separate transmitted (Tx) and received (Rx) signals. Instead of estimating the SI signals and subtracting them from the Rx signals, the inherent secondary SI signals at the circulator, reflected by the antenna, is used to cancel the primary SI signals leaked from the Tx port to the Rx port. The frequency response of the secondary SI signals is modified through a reconfigurable impedance mismatched terminal (IMT) circuit, which consists of two varactor diodes at the antenna port. The IMT adjustability makes it robust to antenna input impedance variations and fabrication errors. Second, a comprehensive residual SI model based on a direct‐conversion transceiver structure considering nonlinearities of all the transceiver radio frequency components, in‐phase/quadrature (IQ) imbalances, phase noise effect, and receiver noise figure is offered. A more appropriate digital SI cancellation approach considering receiver chain RF and baseband (BB) nonlinearities is proposed to validate this model. Finally, a prototype of the proposed technique at 2.45 GHz is analyzed and fabricated. An analog cancellation exceeding 40 dB over 65 MHz of bandwidth is achieved. The performance of the digital cancellation strategy is investigated and it achieves 20 dB more cancellation compared to existing methods.

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A 5G-Enabling Technology: Benefits, Feasibility, and Limitations of In-Band Full-Duplex mMIMO

Cited by 94 publications

References 15 publications

Effective self‐backhaul scheme for massive MIMO–enabled full‐duplex heterogeneous networks by exploiting NOMA

Effective self‐backhaul scheme for massive MIMO–enabled full‐duplex heterogeneous networks by exploiting NOMA

Analysis of Selective-Decode and Forward Relaying Protocol over k-µ Fading Channel Distribution

Full‐Duplex Communications Antennas

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