“…In this context, LC-resonant VCOs are highly preferred at the cost of a large silicon area consumption, mainly due to the tank inductor [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Traditionally, RF/mm-wave ICs are implemented in BiCMOS or CMOS technologies [9][10][11][12][13][14]. Despite several advantages of BiCMOS over CMOS in terms of noise (i.e., lower flicker noise corners), thicker back-end-of-line (BEOL) [15], higher transistor breakdown voltage (BV), and lower transconductance, g m , at a given current level, CMOS is becoming the reference process since it is highly suitable for system-on-chip (SoC) integration, which is pursued by microelectronic industries to reduce chip cost, power consumption, and area occupation [16,17].…”