A Baseline Roadmap for Advanced Wireless Research Beyond 5G

Mourad, Alain; Yang, Rui; Lehne, Per Hjalmar; Oliva, Antonio de la

doi:10.3390/electronics9020351

Cited by 44 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The Academy of Finland has founded, 6Genesis, a flagship program focusing on 6G technologies, in 2018 [8]. Similarly, China, the United States of America, South Korea, Japan, Russia have also started the research for B5G/6G communication technologies [4,5,[9][10][11].…”

Section: Vision and Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors in [12] and [13] give a predictive technical framework for industries in future generations of communication systems mainly Fig. 1 A tentative timeline of standards development for 5G, B5G, and 6G [4,6] VR/augmented reality (AR) will break the barrier of distances. The digital revolution has transformed the way we play, talk, or work.…”

Section: Vision and Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, there is little information about the standards of 6G. However, it is estimated that the international standardization bodies will sort out the standards for 6G by the year 2030 [ 4 ]. The work at some of the research centers has shown that 6G will be capable of transmitting a signal at a human computational capability by the year 2035 [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The shift to 6G communications: vision and requirements

Akhtar

Hassan

Ghaffar

et al. 2020

Hum. Cent. Comput. Inf. Sci.

217

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The sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication network is expected to integrate the terrestrial, aerial, and maritime communications into a robust network which would be more reliable, fast, and can support a massive number of devices with ultra-low latency requirements. The researchers around the globe are proposing cutting edge technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI)/machine learning (ML), quantum communication/quantum machine learning (QML), blockchain, tera-Hertz and millimeter waves communication, tactile Internet, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), small cells communication, fog/edge computing, etc., as the key technologies in the realization of beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G communications. In this article, we provide a detailed overview of the 6G network dimensions with air interface and associated potential technologies. More specifically, we highlight the use cases and applications of the proposed 6G networks in various dimensions. Furthermore, we also discuss the key performance indicators (KPI) for the B5G/6G network, challenges, and future research opportunities in this domain.

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Section: Vision and Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vision and Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The shift to 6G communications: vision and requirements

Akhtar

Hassan

Ghaffar

et al. 2020

Hum. Cent. Comput. Inf. Sci.

217

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“…The recently developed technology of terahertz (THz) light sources indicate the bloom of applications in a wide range of fields, such as chemical sensing [1,2], security imaging motion sensing [3][4][5][6], and telecommunications [7][8][9][10][11][12]. For example, in the wireless technology "6G" aiming for practical use in the 2030s, the use of sub-THz electromagnetic waves is being studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THz irradiation inhibits cell division by affecting actin dynamics

Yamazaki

Ueno

Hosoki

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Biological phenomena induced by terahertz (THz) irradiation are described in recent reports, but underlying mechanisms, structural and dynamical change of specific molecules are still unclear. In this paper, we performed time-lapse morphological analysis of human cells and found that THz irradiation halts cell division at cytokinesis. At the end of cytokinesis, the contractile ring, which consists of filamentous actin (F-actin), needs to disappear; however, it remained for 1 hour under THz irradiation. Induction of the functional structures of F-actin was also observed in interphase cells. Similar phenomena were also observed under chemical treatment (jasplakinolide), indicating that THz irradiation assists actin polymerization. We previously reported that THz irradiation enhances the polymerization of purified actin in vitro; our current work shows that it increases cytoplasmic F-actin in vivo. Thus, we identified one of the key biomechanisms affected by THz waves.

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“…Around 37 billion connected devices are forecasted by the year 2025, with 25 billion of them related to the Internet of Things (IoT) [2]. Connected IoT nodes would include sensors, consumer electronics, wearables, machines, and connected cars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond 5G: Hybrid End-to-End Quality of Service Provisioning in Heterogeneous IoT Networks

et al. 2020

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A significant increase is expected in video and multimedia traffic in Beyond 5G networks. The inclusion of a huge number of IoT nodes in Beyond 5G networks further complicates the design of such networks. These futuristic networks are expected to deal with this increased traffic and number of nodes while ensuring that network delays do not exceed a certain threshold. In such networks, Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning has become vital, not only to guarantee certain key performance indicators but also to improve user experience. This paper proposes a hybrid approach for end-to-end QoS provisioning, involving both clients and controllers to address these challenges. Each client tries to satisfy its own access QoS requirements by choosing optimal access device(s) and makes decisions based on locally available view. Controllers are then responsible for finding optimal paths in the core network to satisfy client core QoS requirements. Experimental results show that the proposed approach provides better QoS guarantees than several other access device selection and routing schemes.

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A Baseline Roadmap for Advanced Wireless Research Beyond 5G

Cited by 44 publications

References 7 publications

The shift to 6G communications: vision and requirements

The shift to 6G communications: vision and requirements

THz irradiation inhibits cell division by affecting actin dynamics

Beyond 5G: Hybrid End-to-End Quality of Service Provisioning in Heterogeneous IoT Networks

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