A beaconless Opportunistic Routing based on a cross-layer approach for efficient video dissemination in mobile multimedia IoT applications

Adaptive Beaconless Opportunistic Routing for Multimedia Distribution

“…We defined the minimum speed limit equal to 1 and the maximum ranging from 5 to 20 m/s. Nodes are equipped with IEEE 802.11 radio and transmission power of 12dBm, resulting in a nominal transmission range of 15 m. They rely on CSMA/CA MAC protocol without RTS/CTS messages and retransmissions, on a drop tail mechanism to drop packets in case of buffer overflow, and on a QoE-aware redundancy mechanism [11] to add redundant packets only to priority frames at the application layer.…”

“…CABR considers connectivity of given pairs of neighbour nodes computed based on LIV E [9], Direction of Interception (DirI) [9], and progress [11], as shown in Eq. 5.…”

“…It is not desirable to choose a forwarding node that suffers from energy failures, which might cause packet losses. CABR considers the link quality, buffer state, energy, and progress definitions proposed by XLinGO [11], as shown in Eq. 2, 3, and 4.…”

“…In this way, we can analyse the ability of connectivity to improve the routing decisions. Third, we consider XLinGO [11] as routing protocol, where XLinGO takes into account progress, buffer state, and link quality to compute the DFD with fixed degree of importance for each type of context information. Then, we included connectivity to compute the DFD under XLinGO (XLinGO-E).…”

“…As soon as the neighbour nodes recognize the occurrence of relaying, they cancel the scheduled transmission for the same packet. Rosário et al [11] proposed a Link Quality and Geographic-aware beaconless OR protocol (XLinGO), which combines different context information to compute the DFD, namely link quality, queue length, location, and residual energy. It considers a mechanism to detect and quickly react to route failures.…”