A Better Than Alamouti OSTBC for MIMO Backscatter Communications

Luan, Huixu; Xie, Xie; Wang, Z. Jane

doi:10.1109/twc.2021.3102111

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…It considerably reduces the tag circuit complexity, which makes it a good choice for low cost and hardware-limited backscatter devices in the future IoT networks. Besides, Luan et al [30] showed that a rotation of the classical Alamouti code can increase the availability for backscattering signals.…”

Section: Backscatter Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on STBC Design with Two Transmit Antennas

Becker

2023

Int j comput electron asp eng

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Detection schemes that can outperform the conventional Orthogonal Space-Time Block Code (STBC) in real practical situations (imperfect CSI, time-varying fast fading channels, spatially correlated channels, ...) are investigated. This article focuses on the case of 2×1 and 2×2 MIMO systems, which are attractive in IoT and industrial communications due to multiple antennas design cost and need of fast prototyping. Indeed, large MIMO arrays are not suitable for reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) and 5G Reduced Capability (RedCap) devices where coding/decoding complexity has to be low. The optimization of 2×2 MIMO systems is therefore receiving renewed interest.

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Section: Backscatter Channelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on STBC Design with Two Transmit Antennas

Becker

2023

Int j comput electron asp eng

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“…Therefore, the antennas can be made small enough for each tag to use multiple antennas. Thus, the tag may employ multi-antenna processing techniques such as diversity, beamforming, space-time block coding (STBC)/space frequency block coding (SFBC) schemes to mitigate fading [57], [58].…”

Section: ) Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, MIMO for the tag-to-reader link is one practical and promising way to increase the reliability of BackCom systems. This will leverage power gain, transmit diversity gain, and receive diversity gain to enhance signal detection, thereby improving the BER performance and reading range [47], [50], [57], [58], [145]- [151]. Adopting multiple antennas at the tag increases the amount of ambient RF energy that can be harvested and reflected back.…”

Section: ) Mimo Tag/readermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Orthogonal space-time block codes (OSTBC), a subset of STCs, offer full diversity with low-complexity maximum-likelihood decoding without requiring CSI. Researchers have thus investigated OSTBC for BackCom systems because of the limited power and processing capability of tags [50], [57], [58], [145]- [147]. OSTBC achieve the maximum diversity order equal to the number of tag antennas with linear decoding complexity.…”

Section: ) Mimo Tag/readermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The efficient design of query signals, the signal transmitted by the reader, can also help achieve higher diversity order [147], [152]. Interestingly, some simple STCs that do not have good performance in conventional channels perform well in backscatter channels [57], [146]. This calls for further investigation of the existing simple codes, which do not perform well in the conventional channels but may do well in the backscatter channel.…”

Section: ) Mimo Tag/readermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Link Budget Analysis for Backscatter-Based Passive IoT

et al. 2022

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Massive connectivity of billions of communicating devices for fifth-generation (5G) and beyond networks requires the deployment of self-sustaining, maintenance-free, and low-cost communication paradigms. Could passive Internet of Things (IoT) solve these challenges? Passive IoT can be realized with the backscatter communication (BackCom) paradigm, which uses ultra-low power, inexpensive passive tags to support massive connectivity. However, a comprehensive link budget analysis for BackCom networks has not yet been available. It is something that is necessary for practitioners and researchers to evaluate the potential of BackCom. This survey is organized as follows. First, we describe the BackCom configurations, passive IoT design targets, backscatter channel statistics, and the different components and operations of the backscatter tag. Second, we develop the forward link budget and the overall link budget. All the relevant parameters are described in detail. Third, we give numerical and simulation results to get insights on the achievable performance of BackCom networks. Since additive path losses and excess fading can limit the performance of BackCom networks, we examine potential solutions to overcome the resulting limitations, enabling massive IoT networks. We also discuss integrating BackCom with existing wireless technologies. We further highlight some applications and address open issues, challenges, and future research directions.

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