A Bimetallic Micro Heat Engine for Pyroelectric Energy Conversion

Ravindran, S. K. T.; Kroener, Michael; Woias, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2012.09.077

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…[69], See et al [70], and Brady et al [71]. Furthermore, with regard to the exponent of the magnetic field intensity H, different authors have obtained similar values to 3/2 (e.g.…”

Section: Rheologic Models Applied For Magnetorheological Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The thermal dispersion of the fluid flow reflects the thermal conduction due to the hydrodynamic mixing in the fluid flow through the porous structure. It occurs due to the velocity fluctuations in the fluid flow and the separation and reunification of the fluid along its path [70]. In the literature, e.g.…”

Section: Mathematical (Physical) Model Of An Amr (Basic Energy Balancmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetocaloric Energy Conversion

Kitanovski

Tušek

Tomc

et al. 2015

Green Energy and Technology

244

152

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“…[69], See et al [70], and Brady et al [71]. Furthermore, with regard to the exponent of the magnetic field intensity H, different authors have obtained similar values to 3/2 (e.g.…”

Section: Rheologic Models Applied For Magnetorheological Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Mathematical (Physical) Model Of An Amr (Basic Energy Balancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetocaloric Energy Conversion

Kitanovski

Tušek

Tomc

et al. 2015

Green Energy and Technology

244

152

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“…Ravindran et al [70] presented an additional, similar concept to the one described above. In the centre of the device is a pyroelectric material attached to a bimetallic strip, as seen in Fig.…”

Section: Self-driven Pyroelectric Energy Harvestersmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…(10.16). A temperature fluctuation in a pyroelectric material can be induced in many different ways, for example, by the changing weather conditions (such as solar radiation [63,68]) or by the alternating movement of a pyroelectric material from a heat source to a heat sink [69,70]. The electrical energy can then be harvested using different electrical circuits, thereby subjecting the pyroelectric material to different thermodynamic cycles.…”

Section: Self-driven Pyroelectric Energy Convertersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many different authors reported on the pyroelectric material's performance measured using the dipping experiment. The results of some of these experiments are gathered in Table 10.10; however, only the maximum [70] values of the electrical energy generated per cycle reported by the authors are presented. In general, the electrical energy generated is a function of the temperature difference between the hot and the cold thermal bath and the difference between the applied electrical fields.…”

Section: Pyroelectric Energy Harvesters Based On the Ericsson Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

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Alternative Caloric Energy Conversions

Kitanovski

Tušek

Tomc

et al. 2014

Green Energy and Technology

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In this chapter, some alternative, "ferroic", solid-state energy conversion technologies are presented. These are the electrocaloric (pyroelectric), the barocaloric and the elastocaloric energy conversions. In their nature, they are analogous to magnetocaloric energy conversion; however, different external influences are needed to initialize the caloric effect. In the case of electrocaloric energy conversion, this is related to a change in the electric field; in the case of barocalorics, to a change in the hydrostatic pressure and in the case of elastocaloric energy conversion, to a change in the mechanical stress. Each group, to some extent, possesses possible advantages as well as some disadvantages in comparison with magnetocaloric energy conversion. However, since all three alternative solid-state energy conversion technologies are at an early stage of development, it is not yet reasonable to compare them with magnetocaloric energy conversion. It is only time and further research that will show the full potential of these alternative solid-state energy conversion technologies.This chapter is divided into three sections. In each section, the physical principle behind the discussed ferroic effect will be presented and an overview of existing materials with their physical properties will be made. Furthermore, different possibilities for designing an energy conversion device using these materials will be reviewed (especially for electrocalorics). However, since the technology based on these three effects is at an early stage of development, only a few prototypes of energy conversion devices have been presented. Electrocaloric and Pyroelectric Energy ConversionIn this subsection, the electrocaloric and pyroelectric energy conversions are presented and discussed. In general, the electrocaloric energy conversion stands for the heat pumping processes (or refrigeration), whereas the pyroelectric energy conversion stands for the power generation.The underlying mechanism of the electrocaloric energy conversion is the so-called electrocaloric effect. The electrocaloric effect is expressed as the temperature change of dielectric materials subjected to a varying electric field. To simplify, as the electrocaloric material is subjected to a positive electric field change the material heats up, yet as the electric field is turned off the opposite occurs and the material cools down. Speaking thermodynamically, the electrocaloric effect is analogue to the magnetocaloric effect, though instead of the magnetic field change an electric field change is required to induce the caloric effect in the material. However, the electrocaloric energy conversion has some potential advantages over the magnetocaloric energy conversion, such as higher power density and higher compactness of the energy conversion devices, no dependence on rare-earth materials, no moving parts of the device, operation of the devices with less vibrations, silent operation, etc. Nevertheless, the area of the electrocaloric energy conversion only recently attracted m...

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Exploiting the Potential of Pyroelectric–Piezoelectric Hybrid Devices for Low‐Grade Thermal Energy Harvesting

Gaur,

Saurabh,

Patel

2023

Energy Tech

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This study proposes a separate and combined (pyroelectric + piezoelectric) energy harvesting system using a bimetallic beam. Hybrid energy harvesting is achieved by waste thermal energy using thermal expansion mismatch of the bimetallic beam. In this regard, four types of design are proposed, along with various heating/cooling cycles. Auxetic layers in a bimetallic beam are used to enhance the power. The best‐performing design and heating/cooling cycle are considered for further power increment. Two models are simulated based on low (model C3) and high heat consumption (model C5). The load resistance, frequency, bimetallic beam and pyroelectric/piezoelectric layer thickness are varied and maximum power is obtained at 175 MΩ (C3), 75 MΩ (C5), 0.02 Hz (C3 and C5) and 0.4 mm (C3 and C5) as 20 μW (C3) and 40 μW(C5), respectively. The piezoelectric, pyroelectric and combined power variation is the effect of stress and temperature fluctuations on H‐PEH layer. Additionally, five well‐known higher pyroelectric/piezoelectric coefficient materials are studied and found that La‐NBT‐BT‐Ta gives the maximum power of 0.811 and 1.99 mW for combined (pyroelectric + piezoelectric) effect in low (C3) and high (C5) heat consumption model, respectively. The stress generated in both models is analyzed to look at practical feasibility.

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A Bimetallic Micro Heat Engine for Pyroelectric Energy Conversion

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Magnetocaloric Energy Conversion

Magnetocaloric Energy Conversion

Alternative Caloric Energy Conversions

Exploiting the Potential of Pyroelectric–Piezoelectric Hybrid Devices for Low‐Grade Thermal Energy Harvesting

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