A Biometric System for Person Authentication Based on Finger Vein Patterns on FPGA

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The personal verification is a critical key problem in today's society; also protection of personal information is very difficult because of different physical and software attacks. Due to this fact, the biometric authentication has gaining popularity as it provides a high security and reliable approach for personal authentication. Finger vein biometric is advantageous over other types of biometric systems because it has low forgery rate, aliveness detection as well as stable over long period of time. The paper presents the implementation of image processing algorithm and feature extraction processes in MATLAB, and for final authentication the template matching is carried out on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) for fast recognition. The system is prototyped on Papilio one 500k FPGA board which has Xilinx Spartan 3E chip inside. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated by the time required to verify one input finger vein sample and Precision. KEYWORDS:Biometric, finger vein recognition, FPGA, MATLAB, Precision. I.INTRODUCTIONBiometrics is an automated recognition of an individual based on uniqueness of their biological or behavioural characteristics. The personal information can be protected in the form of biometrics. The traditional authentication systems like identity card or password can be easily stolen or acquired by unauthorized person [1]. All these traditional authentication systems are gradually replaced by biometric systems like fingerprints, iris recognition, palm print and veins. The biometric authentication system is chosen over conventional authentication system because of their distinctiveness and highly secured nature.Out of these biometric systems, finger vein biometric is one of the emerging techniques. In this type of biometric system the vascular pattern under one's skin is utilized as a unique feature for authentication. Veins are hidden underneath the skin surface and are mostly invisible to human eye, they are not prone to external distortion and also the vein patterns are much harder to replicate as compared to other biometric traits. Vein patterns are unique for each individual and are stable over a long period of time. Because of its uniqueness, stability and high resistance to criminal attacks, vein pattern is more reliable biological feature for a secure biometric authentication system [5][2].The Biometric system is often implemented in an untrusted environment that uses an insecure and non-reliable central server for the storage of the biometric templates [9]. This can be the source of biometric information leakage. The solution to this problems is given by recent development in vein authentication by hardware implementation of the system [12] [7][11] [18]. It provides secure information storage and tamper resistance, hence it provides the protection from physical and software attacks.The finger-vein biometric pattern for personal authentication is promising in security and convenience point of view. The comparison between different biometric systems is as show...