A Blockchain-Based Architecture for Integrated Smart Parking Systems

Ahmed, Sabbir; Soaibuzzaman,; Rahman, Mohammad Saidur; Rahaman, Mohammad Saiedur

doi:10.1109/percomw.2019.8730772

Cited by 49 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although the works mentioned in this literature review present a variety of parking solutions, a significant limitation is in the fact that all of them lack flexibility for the end users. There is a variety of possible configurations of the system present, for example with a governing agency involved [15] or without [6]. However, none of them allows the community to choose what type of configuration they need.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The same issue arises with the pricing policy. All papers consider some pricing policy present and even fluctuating depending on some factors as time and demand [6]. However, the details are omitted of how exactly the pricing is organized as well as how shares are distributed among different entities in the system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, considering the ongoing competition on any market, including parking, a centralised solution can be unfair to some participants if the owner is biased towards some companies. In [6] a system is proposed for incorporating blockchain into regular parking scenarios. This paper presents a layered architecture that standardizes the typical architecture of an integrated smart parking system.…”

Section: Decentralized Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3. Overview of integrated smart parking system, taken from [6] participants: parking service provider, blockchain network, and user. The network enjoys the standard blockchain characteristics: a consensus algorithm, a shared public ledger, running a local copy of the ledger at each parking area.…”

Section: Decentralized Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An Open Source Solution for Smart Contract-Based Parking Management

Buldakov¹,

Khalilev²,

Distefano³

et al. 2020

IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology

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This paper discusses an open-source solution for smartparking in highly urbanized areas. We have conducted interviews with domain experts, defined user stories and proposed a system architecture with a case study. Our solution allows integration of independent owners of parking space into one unified system, that facilitates parking in a smart city. The adoption of such a system raises trust issues among the stakeholders involved in the management of the parking. In order to tackle such issues, we propose a smart contract-based solution encapsulating sensitive information, agreements and processes into transparent and distributed smart contracts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Decentralized Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Decentralized Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An Open Source Solution for Smart Contract-Based Parking Management

Buldakov¹,

Khalilev²,

Distefano³

et al. 2020

IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology

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“…Ahmed et al [32] presented a smart parking system for smart cities that aims to provide one stop for parking services information to the customers. It brings many parking providers to one unified platform in a smart city environment.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Convergence of Blockchain and IoT for Secure Transportation Systems in Smart Cities

Abbas

Tawalbeh

Rafiq

et al. 2021

Security and Communication Networks

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Smart cities provide citizens with smart and advanced services to improve their quality of life. However, it has been observed that the collection, storage, processing, and analysis of heterogeneous data that are usually borne by citizens will bear certain difficulties. The development of the Internet of Things, cloud computing, social media, and other Industry 4.0 influencers pushed technology into a smart society’s framework, bringing potential vulnerabilities to sensor data, services, and smart city applications. These vulnerabilities lead to data security problems. We propose a decentralized data management system for smart and secure transportation that uses blockchain and the Internet of Things in a sustainable smart city environment to solve the data vulnerability problem. A smart transportation mobility system demands creating an interconnected transit system to ensure flexibility and efficiency. This article introduces prior knowledge and then provides a Hyperledger Fabric-based data architecture that supports a secure, trusted, smart transportation system. The simulation results show the balance between the blockchain mining time and the number of blocks created. We also use the average transaction delay evaluation model to evaluate the model and to test the proposed system’s performance. The system will address residents’ and authorities’ security challenges of the transportation system in smart, sustainable cities and lead to better governance.

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A survey on smart parking systems in urban cities

Zulfiqar

Haque

Tariq

et al. 2021

Concurrency and Computation

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Summary Parking vehicles in densely populated areas are often challenging, stressful, and sometimes it becomes a monotonous job for the drivers in jam‐packed areas. There are several reasons for the delay in finding parking spaces such as scarcity of parking slots, disordered or unmanaged parking of vehicles, lacking or unaware of parking information at the destination, which further leads to the wastage of time, fuel, energy and increase in environmental pollution. Literature has revealed a significant number of smart parking solutions based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and context‐awareness with the incorporation of routing strategies and vehicle detection techniques in a pervasive computing environment. With the rapid escalation of the smart and intelligent devices along with their applicability in a highly decentralized environment, real‐time traffic monitoring, and finding parking spaces have become quite trivial. Smart parking sensors and technologies assist drivers in finding vacant parking slots while they are on the way to their destination. Considering the needs, wants, and demands of metropolitan cities, in this article, we have reviewed the recently published articles, mostly from the last 5 years, on smart parking systems augmented with sensors, embedded systems, context‐awareness capability, and IoT which yields in saving time, fuel, energy, and reduces the stress of the drivers. To accomplish this, we have reviewed different models on smart parking solutions based on algorithmic formalisms, theoretical frameworks, formal models, smart device‐based prototypes as well as real‐time applications, and verifying the correctness properties of the system. The results shown may provide a base for the state of the art future research directions.

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A Blockchain-Based Architecture for Integrated Smart Parking Systems

Cited by 49 publications

References 19 publications

An Open Source Solution for Smart Contract-Based Parking Management

An Open Source Solution for Smart Contract-Based Parking Management

Convergence of Blockchain and IoT for Secure Transportation Systems in Smart Cities

A survey on smart parking systems in urban cities

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