A Bowman‐Birk type protease inhibitor is involved in the tolerance to salt stress in wheat

Abstract

A salt-responsive gene WRSI5 was characterized from salttolerant cultivar Shanrong No. 3 (SR3), an introgression line via asymmetric somatic hybrid between Triticum aestivum L. cv. Jinan177 (JN177) and Thinopyrum ponticum Podp. The peptide encoded by WRSI5 contains a BowmanBirk domain sharing a high level of sequence identity to monocotyledonous protease inhibitors. When expressed in vitro, the WRSI5 gene product exhibited trypsin, but not chymotrypsin inhibition. The expression level of WRSI5 was increased in SR3 roots exposed to salt, drought or oxidative stress. In situ hybridization showed that it is induced in the endodermal cells of the mature region of the SR3 root tip, with no signal detectable in the corresponding region of the salt-susceptible cultivar JN177. SR3 has a higher selectivity for K + over Na + , and therefore limits the transport of Na + from the root to the shoot. When overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, WRSI5 improves the ability of seedlings to grow on a medium containing 150 mM NaCl. We suggest that WRSI5 plays an important role in regulating the plant growth rate or long-distance Na + transport in SR3 plants exposed to salt stress.

TaCHP: A Wheat Zinc Finger Protein Gene Down-Regulated by Abscisic Acid and Salinity Stress Plays a Positive Role in Stress Tolerance

“…The full-length TaCHP cDNA was labeled with digoxigenin using SP6 or T7 RNA polymerase (Roche Diagnostics GmbH) following Shan et al (2008), and were purified and hydrolyzed as described by Hejatko et al (2006). Signal detection was achieved using an alkaline phosphataselinked immunoassay (DIG nucleic acid detection kit, Roche).…”

“…One of these is tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum), which is among the most salinity tolerant of all monocotyledonous species (Yuan et al, 1999). Somatic hybridization has been successfully employed to transfer blocks of wheatgrass chromatin into bread wheat genome (Xia et al, 2003), and this approach has resulted in the release of an introgression cultivar Shanrong No.3 (SR3), which has inherited enhanced salinity tolerance from tall wheatgrass in a genetic background of the salinity-sensitive wheat cultivar Jinan 177 (JN177; Shan et al, 2008).…”

Characterization of proteinase inhibitor-II gene under OsRGLP2promoter for salt stress in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana

“…Previously, Kim et al (2001) observed elevated transcript levels of a serine proteinase inhibitor (CaPI-2) in red pepper under salt stress. Similarly, a Bowman-Birk type proteinase inhibitor (BBI) was shown to be responsible for increasing salt tolerance in wheat (Shan et al, 2008). Moreover, overexpression of rice OCPI2 was found to enhance the salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis under the CAM35S promoter (Tiwari et al, 2015).…”

Purification, characterization, and bioassay of putative protease inhibitors from Hevea brasiliensis latex

“…The protease inhibitor was structured by high content of cysteine residues forming disulfide bonds to withstand high temperature, extreme pH or proteolysis (Howe & Jander, 2008;Kim et al, 2009 (Habib & Fazili, 2007). Protease inhibitors are generally involved in defense mechanisms against biotic stress and developmental aspects (Chisholm et al, 2006;BoexFontvieille et al, 2015;Habib & Fazili, 2007;Shan et al, 2008;Steppuhn & Baldwin, 2007). Recently, the involvement of plant protease inhibitors under abiotic stress was also acknowledged (Shan et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2008).…”

“…Protease inhibitors are generally involved in defense mechanisms against biotic stress and developmental aspects (Chisholm et al, 2006;BoexFontvieille et al, 2015;Habib & Fazili, 2007;Shan et al, 2008;Steppuhn & Baldwin, 2007). Recently, the involvement of plant protease inhibitors under abiotic stress was also acknowledged (Shan et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2008).…”