A broadly conserved NERD genetically interacts with the exocyst to affect root growth and cell expansion

Cole, Rex A.; Peremyslov, Valera V.; Why, Savannah Van; Moussaoui, Ibrahim; Ketter, Ann; Cool, Renee; Moreno, Matthew Andres; Vejlupkova, Zuzana; Dolja, Valerian V.; Fowler, John E.

doi:10.1093/jxb/ery162

Cited by 12 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Association genetics linked this natural variation to the plant-specific gene, NERD1, that regulates the number of ovules produced in Arabidopsis flowers and gametophyte development ( Fig. 3) and was previously found to alter root growth 23 . Overexpression of NERD1 led to dramatic effects on plant architecture, indicating that NERD1 may be involved in regulating meristem activity during Arabidopsis development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fruits of homozygous mutants in two T-DNA insertion alleles (nerd1-2 and nerd1-4 described in 23 ) had fewer ovules than wild-type plants (Fig. 3a).…”

Section: Nerd1 Is a Positive Regulator Of Ovule Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3a, S4). The strongest ovule number phenotype was found in insertion mutants in At3g51050, a gene that was recently identified in a screen for enhancers of exocyst-mediated root phenotypes and named NEW ENHANCER OF ROOT DWARFISM 1 (NERD1) 23 . The second locus with T-DNA insertions affecting ovule number identified in our screen was At3g60660, which we call OVULE NUMBER ASSOCIATED 2 (ONA2).…”

Section: Gwas Reveals Snps Linked To Natural Variation In Ovule Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NERD1 is a plant-specific, low copy number gene that is found throughout the plant kingdom. NERD1 was recently identified as an enhancer of root development phenotypes in weak mutants of the exocyst subunits SEC8 and EXO70A1 23 While a direct interaction with the exocyst could not be identified, the authors identified Golgi localization of NERD1. Our GFP localization experiments confirmed Golgi localization but also identified fluorescence in the plasma membrane.…”

Section: Nerd1 May Transmit Signals Across Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NERD1 was recently identified in enhancer screen performed on exocyst mutants with weakly dwarfed roots. nerd1 mutants have reduced root growth as a result of impaired cell expansion, indicating that NERD1 may be a positive regulator of exocyst-dependent root growth 23 . Consistently, the 35S::NERD1-GFP plants had longer roots compared to the Col-0 control, indicating that root development is also sensitive to NERD1 expression levels (Fig.…”

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A Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals a Novel Regulator of Ovule Number and Fertility inArabidopsis thaliana

Yuan

Kessler

2018

Preprint

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16Ovules contain the female gametophytes which are fertilized during pollination to initiate 17 seed development. Thus, the number of ovules that are produced during flower 18 development is an important determinant of seed crop yield and plant fitness. Mutants 19 with pleiotropic effects on development often alter the number of ovules, but specific 20 regulators of ovule number have been difficult to identify in traditional mutant screens. 21We used natural variation in Arabidopsis accessions to identify new genes involved in 22 the regulation of ovule number. The ovule numbers per flower of 189 Arabidopsis 23 accessions were determined and found to have broad phenotypic variation that ranged 24 from 39 ovules to 84 ovules per pistil. Genome-Wide Association tests revealed several 25 genomic regions that are associated with ovule number. T-DNA insertion lines in 26 candidate genes from the most significantly associated loci were screened for ovule 27 48 Key Words 49Ovule number, NERD1, Arabidopsis, Branching, Carpel Margin Meristem, GWAS 50 52During plant reproduction, pollen tubes deliver two sperm cells to female gametophytes 53 contained within ovules. This allows double fertilization to occur in order to produce the 54 embryo and endosperm in the developing seed. Angiosperms with all kinds of 55 pollination syndromes (insect-, wind-, and self-pollinated) produce much more pollen 56 than ovules in order to ensure successful pollination. For example, most soybean 57 varieties produce only 2 ovules per flower, but more than 3,000 pollen grains, a 1,500-58 fold difference(1). Wind-pollinated plants such as maize have an even more extreme 59 difference in pollen production vs. ovule production per plant, with more than 1 million 60 pollen grains versus an average of 250 ovules per plant (a 4000-fold difference (2)). 61Arabidopsis thaliana, which is a self-pollinating plant, also produces an excess of pollen, 62 with at least 2000 pollen grains per flower compared to an average of 60 ovules per 63 flower(3). Since pollen is produced in excess, in self-pollinated plants the number of 64 ovules (i.e. female gametes) sets the maximum seed number per flower. 65 66The ability to manipulate ovule number to increase the reproductive potential of plants 67requires an understanding of the molecular pathways that control ovule initiation. 68The model plant Arabidopsis thaliana produces flowers with four whorls of organs: 69 sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. The inner whorls (3 and 4) are responsible for 70 sexual reproduction, with pollen (the male gametophytes) produced in the whorl 3 71 stamens and the female gametophytes (also known as the embryo sacs), produced in 72 ovules contained within the whorl 4 carpels. Specification of the 4 whorls is controlled by 73 phenotype is exacerbated when ant is combined with mutations in other carpel 97 development transcriptional regulators, such as SEUSS (SEU), LEUNIG (LUG), 98 SHATTERPROOF1 and 2 (SHP1 and SHP2), CRABSCLAW (CRC), FILAMENTOUS 99 FLOWER (FIL), and YABBY3 (YAB3). ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fruits of homozygous mutants in two T-DNA insertion alleles (nerd1-2 and nerd1-4 described in 23 ) had fewer ovules than wild-type plants (Fig. 3a).…”

Section: Nerd1 Is a Positive Regulator Of Ovule Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gwas Reveals Snps Linked To Natural Variation In Ovule Numbermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nerd1 May Transmit Signals Across Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals a Novel Regulator of Ovule Number and Fertility inArabidopsis thaliana

Yuan

Kessler

2018

Preprint

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A chemical genetic screen with the EXO70 inhibitor Endosidin2 uncovers potential modulators of exocytosis in Arabidopsis

Li,

Wang,

Yin

et al. 2024

Plant Direct

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Exocytosis plays an essential role in delivering proteins, lipids, and cell wall polysaccharides to the plasma membrane and extracellular spaces. Accurate secretion through exocytosis is key to normal plant development as well as responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. During exocytosis, an octameric protein complex named the exocyst facilitates the tethering of secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane. Despite some understanding of molecular and cellular aspects of exocyst function obtained through reverse genetics and direct interaction assays, knowledge about upstream modulators and genetic interactors remains limited. Traditional genetic screens encounter practical issues in exocyst subunit mutant backgrounds, such as lethality of certain knockout mutants and/or potential redundancy of EXO70 homologs. To address these challenges, this study leverages the tunable and reversible nature of chemical genetics, employing Endosidin2 (ES2)—a synthetic inhibitor of EXO70—for a large‐scale chemical genetic mutant screen in Arabidopsis. This approach led to the identification of 70 ES2‐hypersensitive mutants, named es2s. Through a whole‐genome sequencing‐based mapping strategy, 14 nonallelic es2s mutants were mapped and the candidate mutations reported here. In addition, T‐DNA insertion lines were tested as alternative alleles to identify causal mutations. We found that T‐DNA insertion alleles for DCP5, VAS1/ISS1, ArgJ, and MEF11 were hypersensitive to ES2 for root growth inhibition. This research not only offers new genetic resources for systematically identifying molecular players interacting with the exocyst in Arabidopsis but also enhances understanding of the regulation of exocytosis.

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Genetic control of root architectural traits under drought stress in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Siddiqui,

Jahiu,

Kamruzzaman

et al. 2024

The Plant Genome

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Root architectural traits play pivotal roles in plant adaptation to drought stress, and hence they are considered promising targets in breeding programs. Here, we phenotyped eight root architecture traits in response to well‐watered and drought stress conditions in 200 spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) inbred lines over two consecutive field seasons. Root architecture traits were less developed under drought in both seasons when compared with control treatments. Genetic variation in root architectural traits was dissected employing a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) coupled with linkage disequilibrium mapping. GWAS uncovered a total of 186 significant single nucleotide polymorphism‐trait associations for eight root traits under control, drought, and drought‐related indices. Of these, a few loci for root traits were detected on chromosomes 3 and 5, which co‐located with QTL identified in previous studies. Interestingly, 13 loci showed simultaneou associations with multiple root traits under drought and drought‐related indices. These loci harbored candidate genes, which included a wide range of drought‐responsive components such as transcription factors, binding proteins, protein kinases, nutrient and ion transporters, and stress signaling factors. For instance, two candidate genes, HORVU7Hr3G0713160 and HORVU6H r3G0626550, are orthologous to AtACX3 and AtVAMPs, which have reported functions in root length‐mediated drought tolerance and as a key protein in abiotic stress tolerance, respectively. Interestingly, one of these loci underlying a high‐confidence candidate gene NEW ENHANCER OF ROOT DWARFISM1 (NERD1) showed involvement with root development. An allelic variation of this locus in non‐coding region was significantly associated with increased root length under drought. Collectively, these results offer promising multi‐trait affecting loci and candidate genes underlying root phenotypic responses to drought stress, which may provide valuable resources for genetic improvement of drought tolerance in barley.

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A broadly conserved NERD genetically interacts with the exocyst to affect root growth and cell expansion

Abstract: NERD1, a novel conserved Golgi-localized protein, is linked to the exocyst (a vesicle-tethering complex) by genetic interaction data, and influences growth of the root meristem, elongation zone, and root hairs.

Cited by 12 publications

References 71 publications

A Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals a Novel Regulator of Ovule Number and Fertility inArabidopsis thaliana

A Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals a Novel Regulator of Ovule Number and Fertility inArabidopsis thaliana

A chemical genetic screen with the EXO70 inhibitor Endosidin2 uncovers potential modulators of exocytosis in Arabidopsis

Genetic control of root architectural traits under drought stress in spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

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