A buried Neolithic paddy soil reveals loss of microbial functional diversity after modern rice cultivation

Zhu, Yan; Su, Jian; Cao, Zhihong; Xue, Kai; Quensen, John F.; Guo, Guanhua; Yao, Yun; Zhou, Jizhong; Chu, Hai Yan; Tiedje, James M.

doi:10.1007/s11434-016-1112-0

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…China is the largest rice producer in the world (Zhu et al 2016), stably consuming ∼20 Tg of N-based chemical fertilizers per year (21.6 Tg N in 2005, 23.8 Tg N in 2011China Agricultural Yearbook 2012). It was estimated that nearly 20% of the total nitrogen loss, mostly in the form of nitrate, was transported into estuarine and coastal ecosystems in the past three decades through riverine discharge and atmospheric deposition (Cui et al 2013), resulting in water pollution (e.g., coastal eutrophication, hypoxia, harmful algae blooms) (Deegan et al 2012).…”

Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overlooked nitrogen loss linked to anaerobic ammonium oxidation in estuarine sediments in China

Yang

Weng

et al. 2017

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Despite its importance, anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) in estuarine sediment systems remains poorly understood, particularly at the continental scale. This study aimed to understand the abundance, diversity, and activity of anammox bacteria and to determine the main factors influencing the anammox process in estuarine sediments in China. Materials and methods Estuarine sediments were collected from 18 estuaries spanning over 4000 km. Experiments using an 15 N-tracer, quantitative PCR, and clone library construction were used to determine the activity, abundance, and diversity of anammox bacteria. The impact of environmental factors on anammox processes was also determined.Results and discussion The abundance of the anammoxspecific hydrazine synthase (hzsB) gene ranged from 1.8 × 10 5 ± 3.4 × 10 4 to 3.6 × 10 8 ± 7.5 × 10 7 copies g −1 dw. Candidatus Scalindua, Brocadia, Kuenenia, Jettenia, and two novel unidentified clusters were detected, with Scalindua dominating the anammox population. Additionally, the abundances of Scalindua, Kuenenia, and Brocadia were found to be significantly correlated with latitude. The anammox rates ranged from 0.29 ± 0.15 to 13.68 ± 3.98 nmol N g −1 dw h −1 and contributed to 2.39-82.61% of total N 2 production. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the anammox rate was positively correlated with total nitrogen, total carbon, and temperature, and was negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen (DO). The key factors influencing the hzsB gene abundance were ammonium concentration, salinity, and DO. Ammonium concentration, pH, temperature, and latitude were main variables shaping the anammox-associated bacterial community. Conclusions Our results suggested that anammox bacteria are ubiquitous in coastal estuaries in China and underline the importance of anammox resulting in N loss at a continental scale.

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Section: Electronic Supplementary Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overlooked nitrogen loss linked to anaerobic ammonium oxidation in estuarine sediments in China

Yang

Weng

et al. 2017

J Soils Sediments

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“…Many field studies have now documented the impact of anthropogenic inputs of N on microbial communities and their functional diversity. A study of soil in a buried Neolithic paddy (about 7,000 years old) in southeastern China found that modern agricultural practices have substantially shifted microbial functional diversity toward accelerated nutrient cycling, such as the biotransformation of N (Zhu et al, 2016).…”

Section: An Investigation Of Watersheds In a Remote Area Of The Northernmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the environmental microbiome in the Anthropocene

Zhu

Peñuelas

2020

Global Change Biology

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“…Large deposits of dark char in the amazon basin have existed for thousands of years (Lehmann et al 2011). The presence of this material and its persistence in soil for long periods of time is indicative of its high resistance to biological decay (McLaughlin et al 2009;Zhu et al 2016). When biochar is incorporated in soil, its half-life may be up to several thousand years (Wu et al 2013).…”

Section: Stability In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in research on the use of biochar in soil for remediation: a review

et al. 2018

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Purpose Soil contamination mainly from human activities remains a major environmental problem in the contemporary world. Significant work has been undertaken to position biochar as a low-cost material useful for the management of contaminants in various environmental media notably soil. Here, we review the increasing research on the use of biochar in soil for the remediation of some organic and inorganic contaminants. Materials and methods Bibliometric analysis were carried out within the past 10 years to determine the increasing trend in research related to biochar in soil for contaminant remediation. Five exemplar contaminants were reviewed in both laboratory and field-based studies. These included two inorganic (i.e. As and Pb), and three organic classes (i.e. sulfamethoxazole, atrazine, and PAHs). The contaminants were selected based on bibliometric data and as representatives of their various contaminant classes. For example, As and Pb are potentially toxic elements (anionic and cationic, respectively) while sulfamethoxazole, atrazine, and PAHs represent antibiotics, herbicides and hydrocarbons, respectively. Results and discussion The interaction between biochar and contaminants in soil is largely driven by biochar precursor material and pyrolysis temperature as well as some characteristics of the contaminants such as octanolwater partition coefficient (KOW) and polarity. The structural and chemical characteristics of biochar in turn determine the major sorption mechanisms and define biochar's suitability for contaminant sorption. Based on the reviewed literature, a soil treatment plan is suggested to guide the application of biochar in various soil types (paddy soils, brownfield and mine soils) at different pH levels (4-5.5) and contaminant concentrations (< 50 and > 50 mg kg-1). Conclusions Research on biochar has grown over the years with significant focus on its properties, and how these affect biochar's ability to immobilize organic and inorganic contaminants in soil. Few of these studies have been field-based. More studies with greater focus on field-based soil remediation are therefore required to fully understand the behavior of biochar under natural circumstances. Other recommendations are made aimed at stimulating future research in areas where significant knowledge gaps exist.

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A buried Neolithic paddy soil reveals loss of microbial functional diversity after modern rice cultivation

Cited by 47 publications

References 38 publications

An overlooked nitrogen loss linked to anaerobic ammonium oxidation in estuarine sediments in China

An overlooked nitrogen loss linked to anaerobic ammonium oxidation in estuarine sediments in China

Changes in the environmental microbiome in the Anthropocene

Advances in research on the use of biochar in soil for remediation: a review

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