A case-control study of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in Switzerland: analysis of potential risk factors with regard to an increased CJD incidence in the years 2001–2004

Rüegger, Jessica; Stoeck, Katharina; Amsler, Lorenz; Blaettler, Thomas; Zwahlen, Marcel; Aguzzi, Adriano; Glatzel, Markus; Hess, Klaus; Eckert, Tobias

doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-18

Cited by 37 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Seventeen reports focused on surgical history [4,9,10,13,14,15,16,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36] and 14 also included data on BT [4,13,14,15,16,27,28,29,30,31,32,34,35,36]. Two UK studies addressed BT only [17,26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 20 papers assessed in this report included 1 on CJD (all forms included) [30], 3 on vCJD [4,5,33], 17 on sCJD [9,10,13,14,15,16,17,26,27,28,29,31,32,33,34,35,36] and 1 on gCJD [16]. Seventeen reports focused on surgical history [4,9,10,13,14,15,16,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36] and 14 also included data on BT [4,13,14,15,16,27,28,29,30,31,32,34,35,36].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The search on reports up to 2011 provided 20 full-text documents on 18 case-control studies on CJD where BT or medical procedures were mentioned as potential exposures in the Methods or Results, either as the primary subject of study or as one of a number of potential risk factors, e.g. genetic, occupational or dietary [4,5,9,10,13,14,15,16,17,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36] (see fig. 1 for details of the selection flow).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to improve completeness, 5 research reports, 3 of which were published before 1990, and 2 recent papers on BT and surgical history were added [13,14,15,16,17]. Thirty-three documents pertaining to case-control studies and several studied cohorts [4,5,6,7,8,9,10,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38] were examined in full text. Thirteen were excluded from the systematic review since: (a) they focused on biographic residential space-time relationships [19]; (b) they were methodological [6,7,8,20]; (c) they focused on the follow-up of national single cohorts of persons exposed to treatment with human pituitary growth hormones in the UK, The Netherlands and the USA [18,21,22,23,24], or with BT or plasma products without data on nonexposed persons [37,38], or (d) they related to human dura mater graft recipients [25].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensitivity to Biases of Case-Control Studies on Medical Procedures, Particularly Surgery and Blood Transfusion, and Risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Cuesta¹,

Ruiz-Tovar²,

Ward

et al. 2012

Neuroepidemiology

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Background: Evidence of risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) associated with medical procedures, including surgery and blood transfusion, is limited by susceptibility to bias in epidemiological studies. Methods: Sensitivity to bias was explored using a central-birth-cohort model using data from 18 case-control studies obtained after a review of 494 reports on medical procedures and risk of CJD, systematic for the period January 1, 1989 to December 31, 2011. Results: The validity of the findings in these studies may have been undermined by: recall; control selection; exposure assessment in life-time periods of different duration, out of time-at-risk of effect, or asymmetry in case/control data; and confounding by concomitant blood transfusion at the time of surgery. For sporadic CJD (sCJD), a history of surgery or blood transfusion was associated with risk in some, but not all, recent studies at a ≥10 year lag time, when controls were longitudinally sampled. Space-time aggregation of surgical events was not seen. Surgery at early clinical onset might be overrepresented among cases. Neither surgical history nor blood transfusion unlabelled for donor status, dental treatments or endoscopic examinations were linked to variant CJD (vCJD). Conclusions: These results indicate the need for further research. Common challenges within these studies include access to and content of past medical/dental treatment records for diseases with long incubation periods.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sensitivity to Biases of Case-Control Studies on Medical Procedures, Particularly Surgery and Blood Transfusion, and Risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease

Cuesta¹,

Ruiz-Tovar²,

Ward

et al. 2012

Neuroepidemiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This has occurred in parallel with methodological enhancements such as establishment of national registries, application of a prospective approach, formulation of standard case definitions, recognition of disease subtypes, development and validation of diagnostic tools, and increased awareness among collaborating health professionals, all strengthening the plausibility of improved ascertainment, particularly in older patients and/or patients with less typical presentations (5,32). In Switzerland, a temporary increase in CJD mortality in the years 2001 to 2004 was ultimately attributed to heightened awareness of the disease as a result of the vCJD epidemic in the United Kingdom; the authors went so far as to suggest that the "true" mortality rate for sCJD may exceed two per million per year (33). In a recent study incorporating data from 10 countries, significant statistical correlations were demonstrated between observed sCJD mortality rate and several indices of surveillance intensity, including rates of case notification to the central registry as well as rates of autopsy and other laboratory investigations (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%