A Cellulolytic Streptomyces Sp. Isolated from a Highly Oligotrophic Niche Shows Potential for Hydrolyzing Agricultural Wastes

Cellulose from Posidonia oceanica Sea Balls (Egagropili) as Substrate to Enhance Streptomyces roseochromogenes Cellulase Biosynthesis

“…As cellulases are biomass-related products and Streptomyces usually grow very slowly, reducing the time of cellulase production by boosting growth could be an attractive strategy. This approach resulted in being even more effective in the controlled conditions of batch fermentation, because at same time it helped to improve production and productivity, greatly reducing the process time with a maximum of 367.0 U•L −1 in only 45 h. This process time is extremely short, considering that, so far, the processes reported in literature for these microorganisms, performed only in shake flask growths, lasted 96-240 h [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Indeed, shortening of the fermentation process time constitutes a further advantage in terms of costs.…”

“…3.2.1.4), exo-β-glucanases (E.C.3.2.1.91) and β-glucosidases (E.C. 3.2.1.21), have been reported for different Streptomyces strains, and in some cases, they could be contemporarily produced as a single pool of enzymes having molecular weights between 24 and 119 kDa [4][5][6][7][8][9]. For all these reasons, nowadays, the research of new cellulolytic Streptomyces strains, as well as of new strategies to enhance Fermentation 2023, 9, 98 2 of 15 their enzyme synthesis, is very interesting [1][2][3].…”

“…The addition of simple substrates, such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), prompted the cellulase production by Streptomyces sp. CC48, Streptomyces ruber and Streptomyces griseorubens [6,8,9], while in the case of Streptomyces coelicolor A (3) SCO6548 cellulase biosynthesis was enhanced by cellobiose, glucose and Avicel (microcrystalline cellulose powder) supplementation to a Luria-Bertami medium [7]. As actinomycetes can also grow on complex substrates, the diverse cellulase production might also be boosted by the growth medium supplementation with raw materials, such as sugarcane bagasse, wheat bran or corn steep liquor, as shown for Streptomyces viridobrunneus SCPE-09 cellulase production [5].…”

“…As actinomycetes can also grow on complex substrates, the diverse cellulase production might also be boosted by the growth medium supplementation with raw materials, such as sugarcane bagasse, wheat bran or corn steep liquor, as shown for Streptomyces viridobrunneus SCPE-09 cellulase production [5]. However, so far the biotechnological production of these enzymes has been reported only at lab scale, in shake flasks and in very long processes (i.e., of 96-240 h), because these bacteria generally grow very slowly and the enzymes are biomass-related products [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Fermentations in bioreactors, with growth conditions better controlled than shake flasks, could be beneficial alternatives leading to higher cellulase production in shorter times, thus also increasing the productivity.…”

Interactive effects of depth and differential irrigation on soil microbiome composition and functioning

“…Not much is known about Holophagae, but its enrichment in deeper soils could be due to its members being largely anaerobic (Fukunaga and Ichikawa, 2014), which is favored in the more oxygen-poor deeper soils (Naylor et al, 2022). In the deeper soils, many of the enriched taxa included genera known to degrade complex polysaccharides through extracellular enzyme production; these included Streptomyces (Celaya-Herrera et al, 2021), Paenibacillus (Ashraf et al, 2017), andCohnella (Fathallh Eida et al, 2012). Other enriched taxa in deeper soils (Actinophytocola, Actinomadura) (Supplemental Table 14) have previously been associated with resource-scarce environments such as deserts (Kurapova et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2018b).…”