A Clinical and Biomechanical Comparison of INFIX Plus Single Versus Double Sacroiliac Screw Fixation for Unstable Pelvic Ring Injury

Abstract

Background The aim of this study is to compare the clinical and biomechanical outcome of INFIX plus single with two sacroiliac screw fixation for unstable pelvic fractures of Type C. Methods Sixteen cadavers were randomly subjected to INFIX plus single or double sacroiliac screw fixations, and then mounted onto the Electroforce loading machine under different vertical load. To investigate the clinical outcomes of the two techniques, Nineteen patients were retrospectively analyzed. The main outcome measures were postoperative radiographic reduction grading (using the Tornetta and Matta grading system), functional outcome (using the Majeed scoring system), and incidence of complications. Results In the biomechanical study, INFIX plus double sacroiliac screw fixation showed better biomechanical stability than fixation with a single sacroiliac screw (p < 0.05). In our clinical case-series, all 19 patients had bony union 6 months after the operation. INFIX plus double sacroiliac screw fixation also demonstrated a better functional outcome and a higher radiographic satisfactory rate than INFIX plus single sacroiliac screw fixation (79.25±5.47; 91.33±4.97; p<0.05), ( 77.78% vs. 60%; p = 0.05). One patient in INFIX plus single screw fixation group had screw loosening at follow-up 6 months postoperatively. One case in each group suffered heterotopic ossification and the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve paralysis, and one patient suffered from infection. Conclusion INFIX plus double sacroiliac screw fixation demonstrated more stability in cadaveric biomechanical analysis and better clinical outcomes than INFIX plus single sacroiliac screw fixation.