A clinical, evidence-based approach to infectious causes of infertility in beef cattle

Givens, M. Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.04.021

Cited by 77 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Heifers infected with the pestivirus bovine viral diarrheal virus (BVDV) have poorer reproductive outcomes than controls, often characterized by fetal loss (see Givens, 2006 for a review). BVDV has been detected within the cow ovary, and infection was found to correspond to altered follicle development (Grooms et al, 1998).…”

Section: Akt/tor Signaling Is Reduced During Viral Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oocyte destruction is activated during viral infection

Thomson

Schneemann

Johnson

2012

Genesis

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Summary: Viral infection has been associated with a starvation-like state in Drosophila melanogaster. Because starvation and inhibiting TOR kinase activity in vivo result in blocked oocyte production, we hypothesized that viral infection would also result in compromised oogenesis. Wild-type flies were injected with flock house virus (FHV) and survival and embryo production were monitored. Infected flies had a doseresponsive loss of fecundity that corresponded to a global reduction in Akt/TOR signaling. Highly penetrant egg chamber destruction mid-way through oogenesis was noted and FHV coat protein was detected within developing egg chambers. As seen with in vivo TOR inhibition, oogenesis was partially rescued in loss of function discs large and merlin mutants. As expected, mutants in genes known to be involved in virus internalization and trafficking [Clathrin heavy chain (chc) and synaptotagmin] survive longer during infection. However, oogenesis was rescued only in chc mutants. This suggests that viral response mechanisms that control fly survival and egg chamber survival are separable. The genetic and signaling requirements for oocyte destruction delineated here represent a novel host-virus interaction with implications for the control of both fly and virus populations. genesis 50:453-465, 2012. V V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Akt/tor Signaling Is Reduced During Viral Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oocyte destruction is activated during viral infection

Thomson

Schneemann

Johnson

2012

Genesis

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“…It is one of the main causes of low livestock productivity both nationally and globally (Givens 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serology, polymerase chain reaction and histopathology for leptospirosis in samples collected at slaughter from dairy cows of Parnaiba region, state of Piauí, Brazil

et al. 2011

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The presence of anti leptospiral agglutinins (microscopic agglutination test -MAT) and DNA of leptospires was investigated in the kidney and urine (Polymerase Chain Reaction -PCR) in samples collected at the time of slaughter of cattle originating from the dairy basin of Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil, as also the lesions in kidney, lung, liver, uterus, ovary and placenta (histopathology and immunohistochemistry). In the MAT, Hardjo was the predominant serovar with the highest number of reagent animals for the strain Hardjobovis/Sponselee. Anti-leptospiral antigens were scored in epithelial cells, interstitial vascular endothelium, endothelium of glomerular capillaries and Bowman's capsule of 20 positive animals. Inϐlammatory cells were more common in the kidney. PCR was positive in urine and kidney tissue. RESUMO.-[Sorologia, reação em cadeia da polimerase e histopatologia para leptospirose em amostras coletadas de vacas leiteiras, em matadouro da região de Parnaíba, Piauí.] Foi investigada a presença de aglutininas anti leptospiras (reação de soroaglutinação microscópica -SAM), de DNA de leptospiras no rim e na urina (reação de cadeia pela polimerase -PCR), bem como de lesões no rim, pulmão, ϐígado, útero, ovário e placenta (histopatologia e imunohistoquímica), em materiais colhidos, por ocasião do abate, de bovinos originários da bacia leiteira da região de Parnaíba, Piauí, Brasil. Na SAM o sorovar predominante foi o Hardjo com maior número de animais reagentes para a estirpe Hardjobovis/Sponselee. Antígenos anti leptospira foram marcados em 20 animais positivos nas células epiteliais e do endotélio vascular, endotélio dos capilares glomerulares e na cápsula de Bowman, somente nos animais infectados. O inϐiltrado inϐlamatório foi maior no rim do que nos demais órgãos. A PCR foi positiva em amostras de urina e tecido renal. TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Leptospirose, imuno-histoquímica, PCR, bovino.

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“…Besides, there are only a few detailed investigations on repeat breeding causes relating clinical and postmortem evaluation in beef cattle (WILLIAMS et al, 2005). In addition, most of the studies identifying fertility problems are not always related to a specific clinical sign (KATAGIRI & TAKAHASHI, 2004;GIVENS, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%