A clinical science guide for reviewing the cross-cultural rigor of assessments in an alcohol training clinic.

Hernandez-Vallant, Alexandra; Votaw, Victoria R.; Herron, Jalene; Stein, Elena R.; Swan, Julia; Ulrich, Devin M; Blackwell, Meredith A.; McCrady, Barbara S.

doi:10.1037/ser0000738

Cited by 3 publications

References 120 publications

(149 reference statements)

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Experiences of Discrimination and Alcohol Involvement Among Young Adults at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender

Lopez-Vergara,

Rozum,

Charvis

et al. 2024

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Although discrimination is an important social determinant of alcohol involvement, there is a dearth of research testing these associations across race/ethnicity and gender. This is an important research gap given that experiences of discrimination and therefore links with alcohol involvement may vary as a function race/ethnicity and gender intersectional identities. We tested for measurement invariance in discrimination and alcohol involvement and examined group differences in means and covariances. The sample consisted of n = 1187 young adults (ages 18–26; n = 193 Black women, n = 209 Latina women, n = 186 White women, n = 198 Black men, n = 203 Latino men, and n = 198 White men). We found evidence for differential item functioning for discrimination and alcohol involvement that violated assumptions needed to make manifest between-group comparisons. To model the source and degree of differential item functioning, we used partial measurement invariance and dropped a discrimination item that did not reliably overlap with the latent factor for White women. After accounting for differential item functioning, Black women and men reported the highest discrimination, followed by Latinx women and men, and then White women and men. White women reported the most alcohol involvement, followed by White men, Latina women, Latino men, Black men, and Black women. Discrimination and alcohol involvement were positively associated for all groups except White women, though effect sizes varied with Black men exhibiting the largest effect. An intersectionally valid understanding of discrimination and alcohol involvement may necessitate statistical approaches that can test for (and model) differential item functioning prior to making between-group quantitative comparisons.

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Experiences of Discrimination and Alcohol Involvement Among Young Adults at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender

Lopez-Vergara,

Rozum,

Charvis

et al. 2024

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Designing and testing treatments for alcohol use disorder

Witkiewitz,

Tuchman

2024

International Review of Neurobiology

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Beyond mediators: A critical review and methodological path forward for studying mechanisms in alcohol use treatment research

Meisel,

Boness,

Miranda

et al. 2023

Alcohol, Clinical and Experimental Research

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Understanding how treatments for alcohol use disorder (AUD) facilitate behavior change has long been recognized as an important area of research for advancing clinical care. However, despite decades of research, the specific mechanisms of change for most AUD treatments remain largely unknown because most prior work in the field has focused only on statistical mediation. Statistical mediation is a necessary but not sufficient condition to establish evidence for a mechanism of change. Mediators are intermediate variables that account statistically for the relationship between independent and dependent variables, whereas mechanisms provide more detailed explanations of how an intervention leads to a desired outcome. Thus, mediators and mechanisms are not equivalent. To advance mechanisms of behavior change research, in this critical review we provide an overview of methodological shortfalls of existing AUD treatment mechanism research and introduce an etiologically informed precision medicine approach that facilitates the testing of mechanisms of behavior change rather than treatment mediators. We propose a framework for studying mechanisms in alcohol treatment research that promises to facilitate our understanding of behavior change and precision medicine (i.e., for whom a given mechanism of behavior change operates and under what conditions). The framework presented in this review has several overarching goals, one of which is to provide a methodological roadmap for testing AUD recovery mechanisms. We provide two examples of our framework, one pharmacological and one behavioral, to facilitate future efforts to implement this methodological approach to mechanism research. The framework proposed in this critical review facilitates the alignment of AUD treatment mechanism research with current theories of etiologic mechanisms, precision medicine efforts, and cross‐disciplinary approaches to testing mechanisms. Although no framework can address all the challenges related to mechanisms research, our goal is to help facilitate a shift toward more rigorous and falsifiable behavior change research.

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A clinical science guide for reviewing the cross-cultural rigor of assessments in an alcohol training clinic.

Cited by 3 publications

References 120 publications

Experiences of Discrimination and Alcohol Involvement Among Young Adults at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender

Experiences of Discrimination and Alcohol Involvement Among Young Adults at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender

Designing and testing treatments for alcohol use disorder

Beyond mediators: A critical review and methodological path forward for studying mechanisms in alcohol use treatment research

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