A close look at above ground biomass of a large and heterogeneous Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest - Caatinga in North East of Brazil

Castanho, Andrea; Coe, Michael T.; Andrade, Eunice Maia de; Walker, Wayne; Baccini, Alessandro; Campos, Diego Antunes; Farina, Mary

doi:10.1590/0001-3765202020190282

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Em contrapartida, observou-se a expansão de outras culturas, como feijão, milho, arroz e sorgo (Sousa et al 2019) (Figura 7). É importante destacar que essa década foi considerada chuvosa, marcada apenas por um ano de seca regular e um ano de seca extrema, o que favoreceu a biomassa vegetal da paisagem como um todo (Castanho et al, 2020).…”

Section: Variação Espaço-temporal Das Classes Que Compõem a Paisagem No Entorno Da Salsunclassified

“…Outra adaptação marcante é a perda de folhas em espécies arbóreas e arbustivas com o avanço da estação seca (Queiroz et al, 2009). Assim, constata-se que o regime de precipitações é um importante modelador da produção de biomassa vegetal no semiárido (Castanho et al, 2020;Silva et al 2020a), no entanto, em anos de secas prolongadas, observa-se elevada mortalidade e retração da maioria das formações vegetais, causando graves prejuízos econômicos, ecológicos e humanos (Cunha et al, 2012;De Azevedo et al, 2018;Lima et al, 2016;Barbosa et al, 2019;Rocha Junior et al, 2019;Silva et al 2020a).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Dinâmica Espaço-Temporal da Paisagem Semiárida no Município de Apodi/RN e seus Condicionantes Socioeconômicos e Ambientais

Oliveira¹,

Ferreira

Almeida³

et al. 2021

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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Apodi, like many municipalities in the Northeast, underwent structural changes conducted by two main drivers: alternation of socioeconomic models and seasonal and prolonged periods of drought. Among the socioeconomic models, Apodi passed by large landowners, agrarian reform, expropriation of land for irrigated perimeters and installation of agribusiness companies. These conditions negatively impacted the vegetation cover, degrading the landscape and threatening the Lajedo de Soledade Archaeological Site (SALS) located in the middle of this landscape, an important cultural and environmental patrimony. In this context, the objective of this study was to analyze the spatio-temporal changes in the landscape around SALS and to infer about the influence of socioeconomic and environmental drivers. For this, a survey of the region's history, precipitation data, agricultural production of the main crops, and eight images captured by the TM and OLI sensors of the LANDSAT 5 and 8 satellites, between 1984 and 2018, were used. Precipitation data was modeled using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The images were classified using the SCP plugin (QGIS) and the quality was assessed using the Kappa Index. It was observed that there were three prolonged and extreme droughts events in the region: late 1980s and 1990s and between 2013 and 2017. The classification of the images indicated periods of dense vegetation reductions and exposed soil expansions, in the period of decay of cotton culture, and the reversal of these patterns after agrarian reform, with the establishment of family farming on an agroecological basis. This pattern was again reversed, with the lowest proportion of dense vegetation observed (5%) and and higher proportion of exposed soil (45%) observed in this landscape, during the period of installation of the irrigated perimeter for agribusiness. Thus, it was possible to infer that the alternation of socioeconomic models conditioned the spatio-temporal dynamics of the vegetation cover and was responsible for the environmental degradation conditions surrounding the SALS, these patterns being aggravated by the recurrence of periods of extreme and prolonged drought. During these periods, SALS was probably more vulnerable to the direct and indirect effects of anthropogenic activities common in this landscape.

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Section: Variação Espaço-temporal Das Classes Que Compõem a Paisagem No Entorno Da Salsunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

Dinâmica Espaço-Temporal da Paisagem Semiárida no Município de Apodi/RN e seus Condicionantes Socioeconômicos e Ambientais

Oliveira¹,

Ferreira

Almeida³

et al. 2021

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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“…This biome's flora is broad and diverse, considering the plants' morphological and molecular adaptations to the semiarid and hostile environment. Water availability is scarce and extremely oscillating, directly interfering with several organisms' distribution and survival (Bohnert et al, 1995;Castanho et al, 2020). The Caatinga's plants include species of the genus Stylosanthes (Fabaceae).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dehydration response in Stylosanthes scabra: Transcriptional, biochemical, and physiological modulations

Ferreira‐Neto

Araújo

Silva

et al. 2022

Physiologia Plantarum

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Stylosanthes scabra, popularly known as stylo, is native to the Brazilian Caatinga semiarid region and stands out as a drought‐tolerant shrub forage crop. This work provides information about the plant response during the first 48 h of water deficit, followed by a rehydration treatment. Besides root transcriptomics data, 13 physiological or biochemical parameters were scrutinized. Additionally, RNA‐Seq annotated transcripts not associated with the “Viridiplantae” clade were taxonomically categorized. It was found that S. scabra quickly perceives and recovers from the oscillations of the imposed water regime. Physiologically, mechanisms that minimize evapotranspiration or protect the photosynthetic apparatus stood out. Biochemically, it was found that the root tissue invests in synthesizing compounds that can act as osmolytes (proline and sugars), emphasizing the importance of osmoregulation to water deficit acclimation. Consistently, transcriptome and qPCR analyses showed that a set of enriched biological processes with upregulated (UR) transcripts were involved in protective functions against reactive oxygen species or encoding enzymes of important metabolic pathways, which might contribute to S. scabra response to water deficit. Additionally, several UR kinases and transcription factors were identified. Finally, in an innovative approach, some naturally occurring microbial groups (such as Schizosaccharomyces, Bradyrhizobium, etc.) were identified in the S. scabra roots. This study reveals insights into the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms underlying the S. scabra response to water deficit and provides candidate genes that may be useful in developing drought‐tolerant crop varieties through biotechnological applications.

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“…The Caatinga Biome in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil is strongly influenced by the hot, dry climate (BSh'w), characterized by high temperatures (over 30ºC), average relative humidity of 61% and average rainfall of 500 mm/year, distributed in the short rainy season (1,2) . The vegetation in this region is characterized by the predominance of a shrub-tree layer composed of plants with low carrying capacity, resulting in low animal yield (3) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forage availability and weight gain of goats on caatinga enriched with Urochloa trichopus (Hochst.) Stapf subjected to fallowing and fertilized with phosphate

et al. 2022

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the forage availability and performance of goats in thinned Caatinga enriched with Urochloa trichopus subjected to grazing fallowing and levels of phosphorus fertilization. Twenty-four F1 crossbred goats (Boer x Non-descript breed), whole, 15.0 ± 2.6 kg body weight were distributed in four paddocks (n = 6) according to body weight, age and physiological status. Animals grazed on Caatinga, under continuous stocking, and were gathered and kept in individual pens overnight. The experiment to evaluate animal performance was a randomized block design with 4 treatments (0, 11, 33 and 60 days of fallowing) and six replications. To determine dry mass production and floristic composition, phosphate fertilization was used in the doses of x P2O5 in a randomized block design with five treatments, 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg P2O5 with 4 replications. Phosphate fertilization had an effect on the floristic composition of dicots and U. trichopus (P<0.05). There was an effect of pasture fallowing on the final weight of goats, with the lowest weight (20.40 kg) observed after 60 days of fallowing (P<0.05). Fallowing is not suitable for an area of vegetation in the caatinga, because there was a decrease in forage availability and quality in the dry period, resulting in a lower performance of animals.

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A close look at above ground biomass of a large and heterogeneous Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest - Caatinga in North East of Brazil

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Dinâmica Espaço-Temporal da Paisagem Semiárida no Município de Apodi/RN e seus Condicionantes Socioeconômicos e Ambientais

Dinâmica Espaço-Temporal da Paisagem Semiárida no Município de Apodi/RN e seus Condicionantes Socioeconômicos e Ambientais

Dehydration response in Stylosanthes scabra: Transcriptional, biochemical, and physiological modulations

Forage availability and weight gain of goats on caatinga enriched with Urochloa trichopus (Hochst.) Stapf subjected to fallowing and fertilized with phosphate

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