A co-precipitation technique to prepare BiNbO4 powders

Effect of sintering temperature on microstructure and electrical properties of Sr1−x(Na0.5Bi0.5) x Bi2Nb2O9 solid solutions

“…There are numerous reports on the synthesis of bismuth niobate and its solid solutions by processes such as solid-state reaction [6][7][8], aqueous solution method [9,10], organic precursor decomposition [11,12], co-precipitation [13][14][15], sol-gel [16,17], and combustion synthesis [18] which often results in high agglomeration of powders. For these several chemical synthesis routes, a high sintering temperature is usually necessary for the densification of ceramics [19].…”

Simulation and measurement of inset‐fed microstrip patch antennas on BiNbO4 substrates

“…One of the available techniques to minimize the antenna size is the use of ceramic materials with very high permittivity. One of the advantages of ceramic materials over other dielectric materials is the possibility of fabricating compact and easy to build several microwave integrated circuits, such as microstrip patch antennas [1,2].…”

Sol-Gel Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Bismuth Niobate Modified by Iron Inclusion

“…Confronting the X-ray diffraction data with the DTA, it is possible to assume that for the samples with x = 0.25 and 0.50, the exothermic peaks can be related with the formation of the Bi 7 phases, respectively. Since these three peaks are dislocated for lower temperatures in the sample with x = 0.50, it means that the energy required for these phase transformations decreases with the increase of the amount of iron.…”

“…The solid-state reaction has been the most common method to process bismuth niobate [1,7,8], which means its benefits and drawbacks are already documented in the literature. BiNbO 4 powders prepared by solid-state reaction result in high crystallinity, but not always in pure and homogeneous phases, because some metastable phases can be obtained under the same conditions [25].…”

“…It is a less time-consuming method, since that can avoid complex steps such as refluxing of alkoxides. Nonetheless, an important drawback of co-precipitation is that all the cations should have similar solubility product [7,10,26].…”