The
synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of a
series of compounds incorporating two or three benzoxaborole moieties
is reported. Three different synthetic strategies were used to explore
within this series as much chemical space as possible, all starting
from the 6-aminobenzoxaborole reagent: amide coupling, imine bond
formation, and squarate coupling. Eleven new compounds were isolated
in pure form, and single crystals were obtained for two of them. These
compounds were then evaluated as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors against
the cytosolic hCA I and II and the transmembrane hCA IV, IX, and XII
isoforms. While the benzoxaborole scaffold has been recently introduced
as a new chemotype for carbonic anhydrase inhibition, these new multivalent
derivatives exhibited superior inhibitory activity against the tumor-associated
isoform hCA IX. In particular, compared to monovalent 6-aminobenzoxaborole
(K
I = 813 nM) and 6-carboxybenzoxaborole
(K
I = 400 nM), derivative 2h characterized by a glutamic acid structural core and two benzoxaborole
moieties was found to be more potent (K
I = 64 nM) and more selective over human hCA II.