A commercially available immunoglobulin<scp>E</scp>‐based test for food allergy gives inconsistent results in healthy ponies

Dupont, Sofie; Spiegeleer, Anton De; Liu, D. J. X.; Lefère, Laurence; Doorn, D.A. van; Hesta, Myriam

doi:10.1111/evj.12369

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Whether foods are a trigger in the pathogenesis of AD in horses is unknown 272 (see page 37 for food allergy). Clinicians are encouraged to consider dietary trials to evaluated the role of foods as possible triggers for flares based on the history of each patient as there is no reliable test for food allergies in horses 273 ; dietary trials can be considered to address suspected triggers of flares.…”

Section: Atopic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine allergic skin diseases: Clinical consensus guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology

Marsella

White

Fadok

et al. 2023

Veterinary Dermatology

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BackgroundAllergic skin diseases are common in horses worldwide. The most common causes are insect bites and environmental allergens.ObjectivesTo review the current literature and provide consensus on pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prevention.Materials and MethodsThe authors reviewed the literature up to November 2022. Results were presented at North America Veterinary Dermatology Forum (2021) and European Veterinary Dermatology Congress (2021). The report was available to member organisations of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology for feedback.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceInsect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is the best characterised allergic skin disease. An immunoglobulin (Ig)E response against Culicoides salivary antigens is widely documented. Genetics and environmental factors play important roles. Tests with high sensitivity and specificity are lacking, and diagnosis of IBH is based on clinical signs, seasonality and response to insect control. Eosinophils, interleukin (IL)‐5 and IL‐31 are explored as therapeutic targets. Presently, the most effective treatment is insect avoidance. Existing evidence does not support allergen‐specific immunotherapy (ASIT) using commercially available extracts of Culicoides. Hypersensitivity to environmental allergens (atopic dermatitis) is the next most common allergy. A role for IgE is supported by serological investigation, skin test studies and positive response to ASIT. Prospective, controlled, randomised studies are limited, and treatment relies largely on glucocorticoids, antihistamines and ASIT based on retrospective studies. Foods are known triggers for urticaria, yet their role in pruritic dermatitis is unknown. Recurrent urticaria is common in horses, yet our understanding is limited and focussed on IgE and T‐helper 2 cell response. Prospective, controlled studies on treatments for urticaria are lacking. Glucocorticoids and antihistamines are primary reported treatments.

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Section: Atopic Dermatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Equine allergic skin diseases: Clinical consensus guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology

Marsella

White

Fadok

et al. 2023

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…Gastrointestinal tract symptoms may also be present . Sensitization and food‐specific IgE in serum are not necessarily clinically relevant …”

Section: Clinical Signsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Food‐specific IgE has been found in horses with allergic skin disease, and positive IDT reactions to food occur in allergic horses . However, both IDT and serum IgE frequently give false‐positive reactions in clinically healthy horses and do not correlate well with symptoms . Thus, a definitive diagnosis of food allergy in horses can only be confirmed by elimination trial …”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing immediate‐type food allergy in humans and companion animals—revealing unmet needs

Pali‐Schöll

Lucia²,

Jackson³

et al. 2017

Allergy

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Adverse food reactions occur in human as well as veterinary patients. Systematic comparison may lead to improved recommendations for prevention and treatment in both. In this position paper, we summarize the current knowledge on immediate-type food allergy vs other food adverse reactions in companion animals, and compare this to the human situation. While the prevalence of food allergy in humans has been well studied for some allergens, this remains to be investigated for animal patients, where owner-reported as well as veterinarian-diagnosed food adverse reactions are on the increase. The characteristics of the disease in humans vs dogs, cats, and horses are most often caused by similar, but sometimes species-dependent different pathophysiological mechanisms, prompting the specific clinical symptoms, diagnoses, and treatments. Furthermore, little is known about the allergen molecules causative for type I food allergy in animals, which, like in human patients, could represent predictive biomarkers for risk evaluation. The definite diagnosis of food allergy relies-as in humans-on elimination diet and provocation tests. Besides allergen avoidance in daily practice, novel treatment options and tolerization strategies are underway. Taken together, numerous knowledge gaps were identified in veterinary food allergy, which need to be filled by systematic comparative studies.

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“…However, there are conflicting views as to whether such serology tests are sensitive and specific for identifying dietary allergens and whether they provide useful information that can inform clinical management of CAFR in dogs. Serum IgE testing for dietary allergens is considered to be unreliable as a screening tool for CAFR in humans and numerous animal species (Jeffers et al, 1991;Mueller and Tsohalis, 1998;Guilford et al, 2001;Dupont et al, 2016). Some research studies into canine CAFR suggest that IgG analyses may prove useful in particular circumstances (Halliwell et al, 2004;Bethlehem et al, 2012), while other studies concluded that ELISAs for allergenspecific IgG demonstrate limited value as a diagnostic tool (Hardy et al, 2014;Jeffers et al, 1991;Zimmer et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of allergen-specific IgG in serum is of limited value for the management of dogs diagnosed with cutaneous adverse food reactions

Hagen-Plantinga

Leistra²,

Sinke³

et al. 2017

The Veterinary Journal

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A commercially available immunoglobulinE‐based test for food allergy gives inconsistent results in healthy ponies

Abstract: This study demonstrated that this IgE-based test is not a reliable screening tool for food allergy in healthy equids.

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Equine allergic skin diseases: Clinical consensus guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology

Equine allergic skin diseases: Clinical consensus guidelines of the World Association for Veterinary Dermatology

Comparing immediate‐type food allergy in humans and companion animals—revealing unmet needs

Measurement of allergen-specific IgG in serum is of limited value for the management of dogs diagnosed with cutaneous adverse food reactions

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