A compact and wideband array antenna with efficient hybrid feed network

Abstract

This study presents a high-efficient, compact, and broadband microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) based on substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) for X-band applications. The proposed array consists of three stacked layers from top to bottom, including one layer as the antenna layer and two SIW layers as a feeding network. The performance was focused on improving the impedance bandwidth and radiation efficiency by mitigating the loss from the feed network while also maintaining the compact design. To this end, the SIW feeding network was designed to feed the MPA to save the physical aperture size which resulted in a more compact and efficient radiating structure. The overall size of the proposed array is compact and extra surface area around the radiation aperture has not been occupied. The measured −10 dB impedance bandwidth span is from 8.9 to 10.9 GHz (20.2%). The maximum measured gain at 10.6 GHz is 10.6 dBi. The results show that the simulated radiation efficiency and the measured aperture efficiency are more than 75% and 50%, respectively. The fabricated array exhibits great advantages such as wide operating bandwidth, lightweight, low-cost, high aperture efficiency, high radiation efficiency, and compactness which make it a good candidate for X-band applications.

A Wideband Feed Network for Vivaldi Antenna Arrays

“…Table 3 compares the performance of the proposed wideband Vivaldi antenna array with similar wideband arrays in the literature [4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…e proposed array in this paper achieved a wider useable bandwidth as well as a higher maximum gain compared to [4,5], which has a similar single layer feed network structure. e array structures in [6][7][8] utilize multilayer feed networks such as a substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) or an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure power divider. e advantage of these array structures is that they are more compact than the proposed array, however, the bandwidths achieved are less than that of the proposed antenna array.…”

“…ese feed networks were combined with di erent radiation elements to realize wideband arrays, e.g., patch elements to achieve a bandwidth of 5.7% [3], UWB monopoles with a bandwidth of approximately 89% [4], and also Vivaldi antenna elements with a bandwidth of 84% [5]. Other similar wideband antenna arrays include the use of multiple substrate layered feed networks such as substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) [6,7] and an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) power divider [8] used to feed di erent patch elements. ese antenna arrays achieved bandwidths between 20% and 50%.…”

Studying superposition of multiple orbital angular momentum modes for beam concentration using circular arrays for long‐range communication

“…Now, we need to choose the right radius for the modes. The radiant elements we have considered for this structure are the microstrip patch antenna that are widely used for many applications 13–17 . There are several techniques for feeding patch antennas that use inset technique for feeding this structure 18‐21 .…”

Broadband and efficient patch array antenna fed by substrate integrated waveguide feed network for Ku‐band satellite applications

“…The SIW cavities are fed from their bottom by an SIW, which is completely analyzed in Ref. 26 through a vertical coupling via. The width of the SIW is W P2 .…”