A Comparative Analysis of Solar Energy Strategies in Middle East with Rich Fossil Resources

Abstract

certain nations have even discussed long-term objectives. The governments of Middle East are definitely seeking to diversify their energy supplies beyond oil; therefore, they have studied the combination of RET and oil and gas products. ME nations' interest in RET is not only a

Effect of Ambient Temperature and Solar Irradiance on Photovoltaic Modules' Performance

“…The amperehour (AH) capacity of the battery depends on the depth of discharge, days of autonomy, efficiency of the battery, and nominal DC system voltage. These factors are modeled mathematically to obtain the Ampere Hour capacity of the battery with Equation [7].…”

“…𝐵𝐶 AH = 𝐸 𝐴𝐷𝐸𝐷 × 𝐷 𝐴𝑢 𝑉 𝐷𝐶 × 𝐷𝑜𝐷 × 𝜂 𝐵 [7] where; 𝐵𝐶 AH = the battery capacity in ampere-hours, 𝐸 𝐴𝐷𝐸𝐷 = average daily energy demand in kWh/day, 𝐷 𝐴𝑢 = days of autonomy, 𝑉 𝐷𝐶 = nominal system voltage (DC), 𝐷𝑜𝐷 = depth of discharge, 𝜂 𝐵 = battery efficiency.…”

“…This has not only limited the companies' productivity but also contributed immensely to the reduced level of comfort that residential building owners intend to enjoy by connecting to the national grid. It worth mentioning that instability in supply from the national grid is one of the compelling factors among others that necessitate green energy diversification which has been counted as one of seventeen sustainable development goals (SDG) advocated by the United Nations (UN) with a view of achieving the proposed global world transformation by 2030 (7). Furthermore, SDG 7 advocates for the transition of the world energy system into an affordable clean, or green energy system.…”

On Wind Speed and its Distribution Pattern: A Case Study of Some Selected Cities in Delta State, Nigeria

“…Despite the importance and demand for renewable resources like wind, the concern of continuity is critical in the realization of clean energy because the available resources must meet the energy demands for purposes of heating homes and powering cities. Although renewable resources do not deplete, nevertheless the long-run usage should be critically evaluated [30][31][32]. Wind energy has been widely accepted as a cheap and reliable renewable energy resource, the limitation of its application is that occasionally it may be irregular in supply in some part of the world especially during winter months when the demand for electricity is very high while the supply of wind is weak [33,34].…”

Enhancing Performance Evaluation of Archimedes Screw Turbines under Optimal Conditions: A Focus on Flow Rate Analysis, Empirical Equations, and Comparative Scaling Methods

“…INTRODUCTION 1 Nowadays, due to the increasing need for energy in countries and the shortage of fossil fuels, as well as the problems they create, such as greenhouse gas emissions [1], the use of renewable energy sources has become very important [2]. Governments also encourage people to use renewable energy sources [3]. Also, due to the importance *Corresponding Author Email: rshafaghat@nit.ac.ir (R. Shafaghat) of this issue, in some cases, renewable energy converters are used in combination [4].…”