A comparative esterification of benzyl alcohol with acetic acid over zeolites Hβ, HY and HZSM5

Kirumakki, Sharath R.; Nagaraju, N.; Narayanan, S.

doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2004.03.016

Cited by 124 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[29][30][31][32] The use of reusable acid catalysts, offer an alterna- The reactions were carried out as described below Table 1. tive and have received a lot of attention in the past few years. [33][34][35][36] It is worth mentioning that heteropolyoxometallate catalysts could be used as recyclable catalysts. The acetylation of 1-phenyl ethanol with acetic acid was chosen as a model substrate for studying of catalyst's reuse and stability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Protection of Alcohols with Carboxylic Acids Using a Variety of Heteropolyoxometallates as Catalysts, Studying Effective Reaction Parameters

Tayebee¹,

Cheravi²

2009

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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Esterification is an important class of reactions in the preparation of perfumery and flavor chemicals, wherein homogeneous, solid acidic, and superacidic catalysts are normally used. Now, an efficient and selective protocol for protection of various functionalized alcohols employing carboxylic acids as protecting agents is realized through the catalytic mediation of simple heteropolyoxometallates. In this methodology, water is the only by-product and notably the aspect of effluent treatments does not arise. The advantages include the operational simplicity, recycle ability of the catalyst and mild reaction conditions. The present catalytic system may be a potential candidate not only for laboratory practice but also for commercial applications and offers an environmentally safer alternative to the existing processes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Protection of Alcohols with Carboxylic Acids Using a Variety of Heteropolyoxometallates as Catalysts, Studying Effective Reaction Parameters

Tayebee¹,

Cheravi²

2009

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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“…The difference in fractional conversion of maleic acid at catalyst loading of 80 kg/m 3 and 120 kg/m 3 is not significant. Therefore, at existing operating condition at catalyst loading of 80 kg/m 3 has been taken for further experiments.…”

Section: Effect Of Catalyst Loadingmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Organic Esters have been extensively used in the production of latex emulsion polymers, thermoplast and thermoset plastics and used as solvents, perfumery, flavor chemicals pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and other fine chemicals [1]. Diethyl maleate (DEM) can be prepared by treating ethanol with maleic anhydride in the liquid phase either with a monoester intermediate stage or by a direct route or by using maleic acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though these catalysts are economical but it influences the cost of downstream processes. For more effective processes the uses of heterogeneous catalysts such as zeolites, metal oxides, acid treated clays, cation-exchange resins, etc., are being exploited as the replacement due to their eco-friendly nature [3], [4]. Cation exchange resin catalyzed reactions is extensively been reviewed [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetic Study for the Synthesis of Diethyl Maleate over Cation Exchange Resin Indion 730

Sirsam¹,

Usmani²

2013

IJCEA

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Abstract-Kinetic study of the esterification of maleic acid with ethanol has been carried out over cation exchange resin Indion 730, Indion 225H, AmberliteIR120, Amberlyst 35 wet. Indion 730 has shown the higher conversion of maleic acid than other catalyst. Effect of various parameters such as speed of agitation (600-1000 rpm), particle size (0.172 -0.834 mm), mole ratio (maleic acid to ethanol, 1:4 -1:10), catalyst loading (50-120 kg/m 3 of reactant volume), temperature (323-353 K) has been studied. A psudo homogeneous model has been applied to validate the experimental data at different temperature and activation energy was found to be 12.54 kcal/mol.

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“…In this respect, various solid acid catalysts have been studied for organic acid esterification, including SO 4 / ZrO 2 [8][9][10], sulfonic acid functionalised (hierarchical) mesoporous SBA-15 [7,[11][12][13][14][15] KIT-6 [16] and PMO [17] silicas, Cs-exchanged heteropolyacids [18][19][20][21][22], tungstated zirconia [23], zirconium phosphate [24][25][26] and Nafion/SiO 2 composite (SAC-13) [27]. Among the solid acid catalysts, zeolites are efficient catalysts for esterification [28][29][30] due to their strong Brønsted acidity and tunable physical and chemical properties through altering their framework Si:Al ratio and structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the influence of Si:Al ratio and hierarchical porosity of FAU zeolites in solid acid catalysed esterification pretreatment of bio-oil

Osatiashtiani

Puértolas

Oliveira

et al. 2017

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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A family of faujasite (FAU) zeolites with different Si:Al ratio, and/or hierarchical porosity introduced via postsynthetic alkaline desilication treatment, have been evaluated as solid acid catalysts for esterification pretreatments of pyrolysis bio-oil components. Acetic acid esterification with aliphatic and aromatic alcohols including methanol, anisyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, p-cresol and n-butanol was first selected as a model reaction to identify the optimum zeolite properties. Materials were fully characterised using N 2 porosimetry, ICP, XRD, XPS, FT-IR, pyridine adsorption, NH 3 TPD, In-situ ATR and inverse gas chromatography (IGC). IGC demonstrates that the surface polarity and hence hydrophobicity of FAU decreases with increased Si:Al ratio. Despite possessing a higher acid site loading and acetic acid adsorption capacity, high Al-content FAU possess weaker acidity than more siliceous catalysts. Esterification activity increases with acid strength and decreasing surface polarity following the order FAU30>FAU6>FAU2.6. The introduction of mesoporosity through synthesis of a hierarchical HFAU30 material further enhances esterification activity through improved acid site accessibility and hydrophobicity. Methanol was the most reactive alcohol for esterification, and evaluated with HFAU30 for the pretreatment of a real pyrolysis bio-oil, reducing the acid content by 76% under mild conditions.

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A comparative esterification of benzyl alcohol with acetic acid over zeolites Hβ, HY and HZSM5

Cited by 124 publications

References 23 publications

Efficient Protection of Alcohols with Carboxylic Acids Using a Variety of Heteropolyoxometallates as Catalysts, Studying Effective Reaction Parameters

Efficient Protection of Alcohols with Carboxylic Acids Using a Variety of Heteropolyoxometallates as Catalysts, Studying Effective Reaction Parameters

Kinetic Study for the Synthesis of Diethyl Maleate over Cation Exchange Resin Indion 730

On the influence of Si:Al ratio and hierarchical porosity of FAU zeolites in solid acid catalysed esterification pretreatment of bio-oil

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