A comparative evaluation of environmental risk assessment strategies for pharmaceuticals and personal care products

Hoyett, Zakiya; Owens, Marcia Allen; Clark, Clayton J.; Abazinge, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2016.04.013

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Unfortunately, pharmaceuticals are not totally destroyed after ingestion in human's body; thus metabolized or unmetabolized pharmaceuticals are discharged in the environment through urine and feces [4] [5] [6]. Moreover, in households, the unused and expired pharmaceuticals are disposed with normal household waste or discarded into sink or toilet and released into sewage systems [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]. In developing countries where there are wastewater treatment plants, trace of pharmaceuticals is found in discharged water after the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) operation [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of a Teaching Hospital’s Wastewaters in Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire

Placide¹,

Mohamed²,

Hélène³

et al. 2016

JWARP

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This work deals with the physicochemical and microbiological characterization of a hospital wastewater that is directly discharged in water bodies without treatment. Our focus was paid on the teaching hospital of Treichville (Cote d'Ivoire). For the purpose, various physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solid, conductivity, nitrate, phosphate, chloride, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand for five days (BOD 5), salinity, and total suspended solids have been assessed. For the microbiological investigations, the parameters consisting in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella and total coliforms have been assessed. From the analysis, it has been found that the wastewaters of the teaching hospital of Treichville are highly loaded in organic pollutants and in pathogens bacteria. The values of nitrate, dissolved oxygen demand, COD, BOD 5 and biological parameters do not respect the international (WHO) values recommended for the water to be discharged in the environment. The ratio COD/BOD 5 has been determined to vary between 1.25 and 2.80. The results showed that the studied wastewater is a domestic type wastewater composed either by mostly biodegradable pollutants or a mixture of biodegradable and non-biodegradable organic pollutants. These wastewaters constitute therefore a risk for the populations since they are discharged in water bodies without any treatment and used by communities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of a Teaching Hospital’s Wastewaters in Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire

Placide¹,

Mohamed²,

Hélène³

et al. 2016

JWARP

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“…Sulfamethoxazole, carbamazepine, tamoxifen, and indomethacin were discovered in China in the Yangze River Estuary at levels ranging from 4.2 to 159 ng/L [92]. In the United States, sulfamethoxazole was detected in at least four bays ranging in concentrations from 4.8 to 65 ng/L, while trimethoprim was found at a maximum concentration of 72.2 ng/L in Jamaica Bay, New York and 2.1 ng/L of the coast of California [93][94][95].…”

Section: Risk Assessment 290mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the consequential concern resulting from the detection of PPCPs in the aquatic environment, sensitive analytical techniques have been developed to investigate this new class of environmental pollutants; techniques that will have to continue to evolve in order to improve method accuracy and sensitivity [105]. Likewise, methodology must be designed to analyze compounds in combination [93].…”

Section: Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products: Risks, Challenges, and Solutions

Hoyett¹

2018

Risk Assessment

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Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) encompass a large class of chemical contaminants that can originate from human usage and excretions and veterinary applications. These pollutants have captured the atention of scientists, governments, and the public as several studies across the globe reveal their widespread occurrence in lowlevel concentrations in wastewater and the aquatic environment. Most of the research on PPCPs has been generated from eforts in highly developed countries, primarily North America and Europe, although investigations and reports are emerging from Southeast Asia and China. With the increased concern of potential threats triggered by the occurrence of these chemicals in the environment, environmental risk assessment (ERA) strategies for such compounds have considerably evolved over the past decade. Regulations are in efect or planned in several western nations, however, there is no global standard for conducting ERAs. As the scope of the problem evolves, substantial research will be imperative to address these contaminants and their occurrence in the environment. This chapter will discuss the evolution of the risk associated with the occurrence of PPCPs in the environment, the challenges faced by their existence here, and the colloquy about solutions to address this escalating issue.

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“…1,2 Millions of Americans live within one mile of over 300 Superfund sites that are flood prone or vulnerable to sea level rise. 3 Additional threats are posed by pharmaceuticals and personal care products that are prevalent in the environment 4 and Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs), which are pervasive, particularly in southeastern coastal states, where they threaten ecologies and undermine lo-cal water quality due to leaching in waste-storage lagoons. Flood waters and storms have the acute potential to mobilize such lagoons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a Toxics Mobility Inventory for Climate Change and Pollution

et al. 2019

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With a projected increase in extreme weather events through the duration of the 21st century, coastal communities will face a host of challenges. An underexamined component of future threats is the mobilization of pollutants, which can be dispersed by disruptive weather phenomena. This research examines extreme weather threats along multiple U.S. coastal counties. With nearly 40 percent of all Americans living in shoreline and coastal counties, along with the ubiquity of legacy pollutants within these regions, the research is relevant to inhabitants of coastal communities and those beyond. This study introduces the Toxics Mobility Inventory (TMI) in order to inform more programmatic processes for: 1.) coastal planning and management, 2.) the remediation of toxic sites, and 3.) community resiliency. Furthermore, it is an impetus for emergency and disaster response officials to recognize threats and inform response and mitigation procedures.

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A comparative evaluation of environmental risk assessment strategies for pharmaceuticals and personal care products

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of a Teaching Hospital’s Wastewaters in Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire

Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of a Teaching Hospital’s Wastewaters in Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products: Risks, Challenges, and Solutions

Establishing a Toxics Mobility Inventory for Climate Change and Pollution

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A comparative evaluation of environmental risk assessment strategies for pharmaceuticals and personal care products

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of a Teaching Hospital’s Wastewaters in Abidjan in C&#244;te d’Ivoire

Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of a Teaching Hospital’s Wastewaters in Abidjan in C&#244;te d’Ivoire

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products: Risks, Challenges, and Solutions

Establishing a Toxics Mobility Inventory for Climate Change and Pollution

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Product

Resources

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Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of a Teaching Hospital’s Wastewaters in Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire

Assessment of the Physicochemical and Microbiological Parameters of a Teaching Hospital’s Wastewaters in Abidjan in Côte d’Ivoire