A Comparative Evaluation of Sealing Ability of New MTA Based Sealers with Conventional Resin Based Sealer: An In-vitro Study

Abstract

IntrOductIOnThe goal of root canal obturation is to obtain a three dimensional seal of the root canal system. An inadequate filling during obturation can results in reentry and re-growth of microorganisms in the root canal system which irritates the periapical tissue and compromises the treatment success [1].To accomplish this many endodontic obturation materials and sealers are being used [2]. Guttapercha is a commonly used root canal filling material which is used with different types of endodontic sealers. Sealers aim to prevent ingress of bacteria in the root canal space [3]. There are different types of endodontic sealers available that have been introduced in the market with varying physical properties [4]. According to their bases, root canal sealers are calcium hydroxide based sealers i.e., Sealapex, Resin based sealers i.e., AH26 and Adseal, Solvent based sealers i.e., Chloropercha, Glass inomer based sealers i.e., Ketac Endo, Silicone based sealers i.e., Lee Endo Fill and MTA based sealers i.e., Pro Root MTA, MTA Fillapex.One of the recent epoxy resin based sealer is Adseal, with excellent chemical, physical properties and sealing ability. These characteristics are responsible for the superiority of this sealer over the other epoxy resin based sealers [5].MTA is being used for pulp capping, apexification, perforation repair, root-end filling material and for pulpotomy. In 1993, US Federal Drug Administration gave acceptance to MTA and it became commercially available as ProRoot MTA. Pro Root MTA is calcium silicate-containing MTA that is used as an endodontic sealer [6].Recently, several new products of MTA have been introduced such as MTA Fillapex, Micro Mega MTA and Bioaggregate [7]. The use of these MTA based sealers is being considered as a revolution in Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry [4]. AImThe present study was conducted to evaluate and compare the apical microleakage of a resin based sealer; Adseal with MTA based sealers, Pro Root MTA and MTA Fillapex using dye penetration technique under Stereomicroscope at 40X magnification. mAterIAls And methOdsThe present study was conducted in the Department of Paediartic and Preventive Dentistry, Surendera Dental College and Research Institute, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India from April 2015 to November 2015 time period. The present study was an in-vitro cross-sectional study. A total of 75 freshly extracted human single rooted teeth were used as study samples. Teeth with root fracture, root caries, open apices, developmental anomaly and external and internal root resorption were excluded from the study. These teeth were cleaned with hand scalers and soaked in 5.25% sodium hypochlorite for two hours and then stored in a solution containing thymol crystals. The teeth were decoronated using diamond disk at the cement-enamel junction uniformly and were then mounted in freshly mixed alginate in uniformly sized plastic containers. The root canal access was prepared using endo access bur and working length was determined using appropriate K-file. Standard...

Physico-Chemical Properties of Calcium-Silicate vs. Resin Based Sealers—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Laboratory-Based Studies

“…Four studies were included for the assessment of apical microleakage [ 32 , 40 , 43 , 50 ] in mm with a total of 80 in the CSBs whilst 55 teeth in the RBS groups. Figure 6 demonstrates the forest plot using the random effect model showing standardised mean difference of 6.83 mm favouring the RBS [95% CI 2.90, 10.77] as well as showing statistically significant difference ( p = 0.0007) between these groups.…”

“…Investigating the solubility of CSBs is a major area for debate. In this respect, the superior or comparative sealing ability of the CSBs was reported [ 52 , 53 ], however Ahuja et al [ 50 ] demonstrated significantly high apical microleakage values for the CSBs resulting in a high standardised mean difference which favours the RBS. In addition, Al-Haddad et al [ 63 ] reported that RBS are slightly acidic and might result in self-etching when in contact with dentine, thereby enhancing interfacial bonding and adaptation with a reduction in the apical microleakage.…”

Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Apical Microleakage of Different Endodontic Sealers.

“…The improved sealing ability of MTA Fillapex is attributed to the setting mechanism of MTA which results in hydration of anhydrous mineral oxide compounds to produce calcium silicate hydrate and calcium hydroxide phases, which causes expansion thereby enhancing the seal and minimizing leakage. MTA fillapex shows an optimized flow due to presence of nanoparticles helping it to penetrate and fill lateral canals 24 .…”

Improved sealing ability promoted by calcium silicate-based root canal sealers

“…Endosequence BC Sealer presented a superior sealing ability than AH Plus in a dye penetration evaluation 14 , consisting with the present results. In contrast, MTA Fillapex has demonstrated controversial sealing performance in endodontic literature 13,[15][16][17][18] , what may result from its physicochemical properties 19 and differences in experimental designs such as the evaluation technique.…”