A Comparative fMRI Study of Cortical Representations for Thermal Painful, Vibrotactile, and Motor Performance Tasks

Gelnar, Patricia A.; Krauss, Beth R.; Sheehe, Paul R.; Szeverenyi, Nikolaus M.; Apkarian, A. Vania

doi:10.1006/nimg.1999.0482

Cited by 185 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…This neural structure, possibly aided by the basal ganglia (Stocco, Lebiere, & Anderson, 2010), organizes activity in regional networks by adjusting the functional connectivity across multiple cortical regions (Elsinger, Harrington, & Rao, 2006;Gelnar, Krauss, Sheehe, Szeverenyi, & Apkarian, 1999;Liuzzi et al, 2010;Roland, Larsen, Lassen, & Skinhoj, 1980). Furthermore, it also controls sensory input via the thalamus (Brunia, 1999).…”

Section: Neural Underpinningsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cognitive framework for explaining serial processing and sequence execution strategies

2014

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Behavioral research has produced many taskspecific cognitive models that do not say much about the underlying information-processing architecture. Such an architecture is badly needed to better understand how cognitive neuroscience can benefit from existing cognitive models. This problem is especially pertinent in the domain of sequential behavior where behavioral research suggests a diversity of cognitive processes, processing modes and representations. Inspired by decades of reaction time (RT) research with the Additive Factors Method, the Psychological Refractory Period paradigm, and the Discrete Sequence Production task, we propose the Cognitive framework for Sequential Motor Behavior (C-SMB). We argue that C-SMB accounts for cognitive models developed for a range of sequential motor tasks (like those proposed by Keele et al., Psychological Review, 110(2), 316-339, 2003; Rosenbaum et al., Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 9(1), 86-102, 1983, Journal of Memory and Language, 25, 710-725, 1986, Psychological Review, 102, 28-67, 1995 Schmidt, Psychological Review, 82(4), 225-260, 1975;Sternberg et al., 1978, Phonetica, 45, 177-197, 1988. C-SMB postulates that sequence execution can be controlled by a central processor using central-symbolic representations, and also by a motor processor using sequencespecific motor representations. On the basis of this framework, we present a classification of the sequence execution strategies that helps researchers to better understand the cognitive and neural underpinnings of serial movement behavior.

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Section: Neural Underpinningsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cognitive framework for explaining serial processing and sequence execution strategies

2014

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“…Heppelmann et al (2001) showed that noxious electrical stimulation of the knee joint induces evoked potentials in S2 cortex, independently of S1 cortex. In primates, the involvement of S2 cortex in nociceptive processing was shown by functional imaging studies (Coghill et al, 1994;Casey et al, 1996;Gelnar et al, 1999;Peyron et al, 1999;Ploner et al, 1999bPloner et al, , 2002Timmermann et al, 2001;Chen et al, 2002). The activation of S2 cortex may reflect the sensory-discriminative painful dimension of noxious input.…”

Section: Ns Neuronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posterior Triangular Thalamic Neurons Convey Nociceptive Messages to the Secondary Somatosensory and Insular Cortices in the Rat

Gauriau

Bernard²

2004

J. Neurosci.

112

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This study investigated the responses of posterior triangular (PoT) thalamic neurons to tactile and noxious calibrated stimuli in anesthetized rats. We report here that 41% of PoT units responded to cutaneous stimulation, in most cases, by increasing strongly their firing. Forty-five percent of the responding units were nociceptive specific (NS), 19% were nociceptive nonspecific (NNS), and 36% were tactile. The NS units responded only to frankly noxious stimuli applied to relatively large receptive fields (several parts of the body). They encoded nociceptive temperatures chiefly in 46 -50°C ranges. The NNS units resembled NS units but also responded to innocuous stimuli. Tactile units responded chiefly to repeated innocuous stimuli applied to very small receptive fields (one to two fingers or vibrissae).A representative sample of PoT somatosensory neurons, characterized first by their response to innocuous and noxious cutaneous stimuli, were filled with juxtacellular injection of biotin-dextran that made it possible to label adequately the soma, the dendrites, and the entire axon of PoT neurons. We observed that the axons of NS neurons terminated only in secondary somatosensory (S2) cortex, whereas the axons of NNS and tactile neurons projected chiefly to the insular cortex and the amygdala.In conclusion, our results demonstrate a spinal-PoT-S2/insular cortices nociceptive pathway that conveys nociceptive messages arising from lamina I and spinal neurons of deep laminas. Furthermore, our results demonstrate for the first time that projections of PoT neurons are correlated to their physiological properties.

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“…Although insula activation has been frequently associated with disgust [30], there is increasing evidence of a broader role for this brain structure in emotion processing [31]. Insula activation is thought to be involved in differential positive versus negative emotion processing [32], in particular fearful face processing [33], pain perception [34,35], and when individuals were asked to make judgments about emotions [36].…”

Section: Neural Systems Relevant For Anxiety Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of neuroimaging for the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders

Paulus

2008

Depress. Anxiety

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Neuroimaging comprises a set of tools, which include different types of magnetic resonance imaging such as fMRI, MRS, ASL, and radiotracer imaging such as PET and SPECT. The focus of this review is to address the question whether functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders. Key anxiety processes and neural substrates are reviewed. The main findings and shortcomings of fMRI in the context of anxiety are briefly summarized. Finally, the next stages of developing fMRI for diagnosis and treatment are highlighted. The main conclusion of this review is that fMRI could become a clinical tool for the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders but neuroimaging groups will need to better develop its specificity and sensitivity so that fMRI results can be meaningful for an individual patient not just for groups of individuals. fMRI -what is it and what does it measure?Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technique that enables one to map cognitive, affective, and experiential processes onto brain substrates. However, fMRI is not about increased or decreased activation in a certain part of the brain; rather it is a proxy measure about how complex cognitive, emotional, social and other experiential processes are implemented in different neural systems. For example, it is important to realize that it makes little sense to talk about hyperactivity in the amygdala in individuals with anxiety disorder without referencing the process, which is being measured during the amygdala hyperactivity, i.e. the task that individuals are engaged in while the functional images are obtained. Although the human brain comprises only about 2% of the body mass, it accounts for approximately 20% of its total oxygen consumption [1]. Deoxyhemoglobin has paramagnetic effects in the blood upon the nuclear magnetic resonance transverse relaxation times of nearby water protons in the tissue [2]. The fact that changes in the oxygen level in the blood can affect the fraction of hemoglobin in the deoxygenated state can be utilized as an image contrast and was termed as blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) [3]. Recent BOLD fMRI experiments in the awake Correspondence should be sent to: Martin P Paulus, Professor in Residence,

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A Comparative fMRI Study of Cortical Representations for Thermal Painful, Vibrotactile, and Motor Performance Tasks

Cited by 185 publications

References 81 publications

A cognitive framework for explaining serial processing and sequence execution strategies

A cognitive framework for explaining serial processing and sequence execution strategies

Posterior Triangular Thalamic Neurons Convey Nociceptive Messages to the Secondary Somatosensory and Insular Cortices in the Rat

The role of neuroimaging for the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders

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