A comparative histopathological, immunological, and biochemical study of experimental intravenous paracoccidioidomycosis induced in mice by three<i>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis</i>isolates

Zacharias, Darwin; Ueda, Anete Kinumi; Moscardi-Bacchi, Maura; Franco, Marcello; San-Blas, Gioconda

doi:10.1080/02681218680000711

Cited by 40 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…Cellular and molecular biology studies are now beginning to address the putative mechanisms and molecules associated with the variability in virulence among Pb strains (up to now studied only in animal models of PCM) [85][86][87][88]. The few attempts of connecting Pb components (e.g., 1,3-alpha glucan) with the virulence trait have failed [89].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of the immunopathology of human paracoccidioidomycosis

2008

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We review here the advances in the understanding of the immunopathology of human paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM). Its investigation must take in account the intriguing natural history of the mycosis and its agent, providing clues to the mechanisms that lead to development of disease (unbalanced host-parasite relationship?) or to the clinically silent, chronic carrier state (balanced hostparasite relationship?), in exposed people living in endemic areas. Although the literature on this subject has progressed notably, the overall picture of what are the mechanisms of susceptibility or resistance continues to be fragmentary. Major advances were seen in the description of both the cytokines/chemokines associated to the different outcomes of the hostparasite interaction, and the fungus-monocyte/macrophage interaction, and cytokines released thereof by these cells. However, relatively few studies have attempted to modify, even in vitro, the patients' unbalanced immune reactivity. Consequently, the benefits of this improved knowledge did not yet reach clinical practice. Fortunately, the previous notion of the immune system as having two nearly independent arms, the innate and adaptive immunities, leaving a large gap between them, is now being overcome.Immunologists are now trying to dissect the connections between these two arms. This will certainly lead to more productive results. Current investigations should address the innate immunity events that trigger the IL-12/IFN-c axis and confer protection against PCM in those individuals living in endemic areas, who have been infected, but did not develop the mycosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An overview of the immunopathology of human paracoccidioidomycosis

2008

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“…This was confirmed in experimental models of PCM; thus, the use of diverse routes of infection, the varying challenge doses, and the lack of quantitation have interfered with evaluation of the data [5,6,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pulmonary immune responses induced in BALB/c mice by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis conidia

2008

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“…Over the years, diversity within P. brasiliensis has been observed in terms of microscopic [4,5], macroscopic [6], growth and transition characteristics [7,8], lipid composition [9,10], cell wall components [11][12][13], isoenzyme profiles [14], antigen production [15][16][17], protein contents [18], and virulence degree [19][20][21][22]. The present review will focus on the genetic polymorphism observed in the species, which culminated with the detection of phylogenetic species as a result of a multilocus study [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%