A Comparative Study of Loss Allocation before and after Loss Reduction by RED Concept in Deregulated Power System

Abstract

Abstract-In the deregulated power system environment the transmission loss plays an important role. Both its allocation and reduction impact a lot on economic consideration. Due to the nonlinearity nature, the allocation of transmission loss among different utilities creates a challenging task. This paper proposes a new formula for transmission loss allocation based on actual usage of line. It splits a common transmission line into as many sub-lines corresponding to the number of loads attached to it. It divides the total loss of the common line among the sub-lines in proportion to their individual power sharing. The net loss allocated to a particular load is the combination of individual loss occurring in different sub-lines which are concerned to the said load under the whole system. To apply this formula, the load flow solution of the system network along with the power flow tracing of lossy lines are computed. This paper uses Newton-Raphson based iterative technique to obtain the load flow solutions and proportional sharing method for power flow tracing. The proposed formula is applied to a six-bus case to prove its viability and subsequently used to find the loss allocation in IEEE-14 and IEEE-30 bus systems. Relative Electrical Distance (RED) concept which is based on topology of the system and readjustment of generations has been utilized to reduce the loss in both the systems. The amounts of loss reduction in both the cases are found to be significant. Again the loss allocations of the two systems are worked out using the proposed formula and finally comparison of loss allocations before and after the loss reduction have been presented.