A Comparative Study of Macular and Choroidal Thickness and Blood-Flow Parameters in Patients with Intermediate and Simple Juvenile Moderate Myopia

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to compare the macular and choroidal thicknesses and blood-flow parameters of patients with intermediate and simple juvenile moderate myopia in order to provide a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of myopia and a basis for its prevention. Methods Participants were selected from patients under the age of 18 with moderate myopia who were treated in our ophthalmic clinic between June and December 2019. Seventy-five right eyes were selected from participants with a mean spherical equivalent ranging from −6.0 to −3.0 D. These samples were divided into two groups based on eye axial length (AL). The thicknesses of the macula and choroid, the area of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and the blood flow density of the macular capillaries were measured, intergroup comparison was conducted. Results The average area of the FAZ was larger in the intermediate group than in the simple group. PERIM in the upper half was lower in the intermediate group than in the simple group, and the blood-flow density in the lower half of the macular area was higher in the simple group than in the intermediate group. The blood-flow density within 1 mm of the fovea centralis and the downward blood-flow density were higher in the intermediate group than in the simple group. The thicknesses of the lower part of the FAZ, the choroid of the fovea centralis, and the choroid under the retina were all larger in the intermediate group than in the simple group. Conclusion The area of the FAZ in patients with intermediate juvenile moderate myopia is larger than that in patients with simple myopia; the choroid in the fovea of macula compensatorily increases, and blood flow density also increases; the thickness of the choroid under the retina increases with myopia.

Immediate Effect in the Retina and Choroid after 650 nm Low-Level Red Light Therapy in Children

“…Various studies have focused on the relationship between choroidal parameters and myopia [15‒17]. Decreased choroidal blood flow may lead to scleral hypoxia and thus contribute to myopia [27].…”

“…While retinal hypoxia may contribute to a cascade of reactions leading to myopia, the short-term effect of LLRLT which transiently increased RFPD may improve the condition. Various studies have focused on the relationship between choroidal parameters and myopia [15][16][17]. Decreased choroidal blood flow may lead to scleral hypoxia and thus contribute to myopia [27].…”

“…Choroidal parameters play a key role in the progression of myopia [15][16][17]. Choroidal thinning precedes axial changes in myopia [18,19].…”

Choroidal Thickness in Correlation with Axial Length and Myopia Degree

“…Moreover, an increase in the myopia degree will cause the axial length of the eye to increase as well. However, the retina may fail to compensate, causing the capillary layer and choroid to become thinner [ 21 ].…”

Retrospective Case Series on The Enduring Rotational Stability of The AcrySof IQ Toric Intraocular Lens in Cataract Patients Suffering from Myopia

“…The incidence of nearsightedness in Chinese teens surpasses the global average by a wide margin. The occurrence of myopia among Chinese teenagers is 80.7%, placing them at risk of experiencing axial myopia advancements in later years [8] . The prognosis for a substantial portion of individuals receiving cataract surgery in the future is likely to be complicated by the presence of myopia.…”