A Comparative Study of Oral Candidal Carriage and Its Association with CD4 Count between HIV-Positive and Healthy Individuals

Kamtane, Smita; Subramaniam, Arun; Suvarna, Prashant

doi:10.1177/1545109711423444

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Kamtane et al . 30 , in 2003, verified salivary Candida spp in 15% of non-HIV-infected patients and 55% in HIV-infected patients. Other studies reported fungus colonization in HIV-positive patients between 44% and 62% 9,31-33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Oral Candida spp carriage and periodontal diseases in HIV-infected patients in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Lourenço

Ribeiro

Nakao

et al. 2017

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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The majority of HIV-infected patients develop Candida spp-associated clinical oral lesions. Studies have shown that asymptomatic oral colonization of Candida spp may lead to oral lesions or become a source of disseminated infections. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of periodontal conditions on Candida spp prevalence and Candida spp carriage in the oral cavity of HIV-infected patients compared to non-infected patients. Twenty-five patients not infected with HIV and 48 HIV-infected patients were classified according to periodontal conditions as being periodontal healthy or with periodontal disease. Candida spp carriage and classification were performed in oral rinse samples. Viral load and CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4+L) counts were performed in blood samples from HIV-infected patients. No differences in Candida spp prevalence related to HIV status or periodontal condition were detected. However, Candida spp carriage was increased in periodontally affected HIV-infected patients when compared to periodontally healthy HIV-infected patients (p= 0.04). Periodontally healthy HIV-infected patients presented Candida spp carriage in similar levels as healthy or periodontally affected non-HIV-infected patients. Candida spp carriage was correlated with CD4+L counting in HIV-infected patients. We concluded that periodontal disease is associated with increased Candida spp carriage in HIV-infected patients and may be a predisposing factor to clinical manifestations of candidiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Oral Candida spp carriage and periodontal diseases in HIV-infected patients in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Lourenço

Ribeiro

Nakao

et al. 2017

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…21 In our study, OCC was significantly higher in HIV + subjects compared with the HIV − population, a finding similar to those of previous studies. 16,20,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28] However, the commensal status ascribed to Candida species makes it mandatory that evaluation of carrier status be accompanied by quantification of the yeast population to determine the predictive value of OCC towards oral candidiasis. 19,29,30 The density carriage of Candida is reported to increase significantly in the progression from asymptomatic yeast carrier to an episode of oral candidiasis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral candidal carriage correlates with CD4⁺ cell count but not with HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy status

Sah

Patel

Chandrashekar

et al. 2019

J of Invest & Clin Dent

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Aim The occurrence of oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) may be influenced by oral candidal carriage (OCC). Although OPC is strongly associated with low CD4+ cell count (400‐700 cells/mm3) and a lack of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the effect of these two parameters on OCC is debatable. We investigated the oral candidal carriage, species diversity, antifungal susceptibility and the association of OCC with CD4+ cell count and HAART. Methods Oral candidal isolates from 120 HIV+ patients (60 receiving and 60 not receiving HAART) and 60 healthy controls were quantified, and their species determined using standard culture and biochemical methods, followed by antifungal susceptibility testing using the agar dilution method. Results The OCC was significantly higher in HIV+ patients; Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species in both groups, followed by Candida tropicalis. Candidal density carriage correlated significantly with CD4+ cell count, but not with HIV and HAART status. Among the isolates from HIV+ patients, 35.4% showed reduced susceptibility to fluconazole. Conclusion HIV status results in significantly elevated rates of OCC C albicans remains the predominant pathogen, although other species are emerging rapidly. Resistance to fluconazole is on the rise, and more efficient treatment strategies need to be implemented.

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“…Tenfold serial dilutions were carried out, and another aliquots of 50 μl were seeded on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Colony forming units (CFU) of Candida were counted after 48 hr of incubation at 37°C (Kamtane, Subramaniam, & Suvarna, 2013).…”

Section: Oral Candida Carriage Measurement and Candida Species Idenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary human beta‐defensins affected by oral Candida status in Chinese HIV/AIDS patients undergoing ART

et al. 2018

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A Comparative Study of Oral Candidal Carriage and Its Association with CD4 Count between HIV-Positive and Healthy Individuals

Abstract: Within the limits of the study, we concluded oral candidal carriage rate and density carriage higher in HIV-positive patients than in healthy individuals.

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Oral Candida spp carriage and periodontal diseases in HIV-infected patients in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Oral Candida spp carriage and periodontal diseases in HIV-infected patients in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Oral candidal carriage correlates with CD4⁺ cell count but not with HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy status

Salivary human beta‐defensins affected by oral Candida status in Chinese HIV/AIDS patients undergoing ART

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A Comparative Study of Oral Candidal Carriage and Its Association with CD4 Count between HIV-Positive and Healthy Individuals

Abstract: Within the limits of the study, we concluded oral candidal carriage rate and density carriage higher in HIV-positive patients than in healthy individuals.

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Oral Candida spp carriage and periodontal diseases in HIV-infected patients in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Oral Candida spp carriage and periodontal diseases in HIV-infected patients in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Oral candidal carriage correlates with CD4+ cell count but not with HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy status

Salivary human beta‐defensins affected by oral Candida status in Chinese HIV/AIDS patients undergoing ART

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Oral candidal carriage correlates with CD4⁺ cell count but not with HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy status