A comparative study of strains of salmonella isolated from irrigation waters, vegetables and human infections

Ruíz, B.; Espinar, Antonio Cueto; Carmona, Manuel

doi:10.1017/s0950268800062026

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Garcia-Villanova Ruiz et al [46] reported that analyzed of 80 lettuce samples, 6.3% were positive and 5.2% of analyzed 28 spinach samples were positive for Salmonella spp. Garcia-Villanova Ruiz et al [47] at the another study reported that analyzed 46 [55] reported that 6 of 49 vegetable samples were detective L.monocytogenes positive. Our findings in this study showed contrary with these studies results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Quality of Fresh Vegetables and Fruits Collected from Supermarkets in Istanbul, Turkey

Büyükünal¹,

Issa²,

Aksu³

et al. 2015

JFNS

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Abstract:Two hundred sixty one samples, collected from supermarkets in Istanbul, Turkey. All samples were analysed for aerobic mesophilic bacterial counts (AMC), aerobic psychrotrophic bacterial counts (APC), enumeration of yeasts and moulds (YM), coliforms, Escherichia coli and detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. AMC ranged from 2.95 to 3.75 log 10 CFU/g. APC ranged from 0 to 3.55 log 10 CFU/g. The highest counts of coliforms were found in carrot, spinach, green leaf lettuce, cos lettuce and iceberg lettuce. The highest counts of YM were found in tomato, spinach, green leaf lettuce, cos lettuce and iceberg lettuce. Green leaf lettuces, cos lettuces, iceberg lettuces, spinach and carrot were highly contaminated with aerobic mesophilic (3.6 log 10 CFU/g), psychrotrophic microorganisms (3.4 log 10 CFU/g), and showed a high incidence of E.coli (41.77% of samples). Of the samples analysed, 10 (3.83%) were Salmonella spp. positive and 17 (6.51%) were thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. positive. None of the samples was positive for Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes. Fresh vegetables and fruits, sold in Istanbul, Turkey, are needed to control foodborne pathogens especially Salmonellosis and Campylobacteriosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Quality of Fresh Vegetables and Fruits Collected from Supermarkets in Istanbul, Turkey

Büyükünal¹,

Issa²,

Aksu³

et al. 2015

JFNS

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“…Several large regional outbreaks of salmonellosis have been linked to contaminated water supplies (1,25,33) and exposure sources include recreational use, home water use, and consumption of produce irrigated with contaminated water (33,45,60).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although salmonellosis traditionally has been thought of as an animal-origin food-borne disease, many cases and outbreaks have not been linked to any verifiable food sources (1,19,25,33). In addition, recent outbreaks resulting from water and produce contaminated with Salmonella confirm environmental sources of Salmonella contribute to human illness (8,40,60) and are consequently now being increasingly investigated as a potentially significant reservoir of Salmonella transmission (52).…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution, Diversity, and Seasonality of Waterborne Salmonellae in a Rural Watershed

Haley

Cole

Lipp

2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

230

228

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Salmonella outbreaks from contaminated water and nonanimal foods (e.g., produce) are increasingly reported. To address the environment as a potential source of pathogenic Salmonella, we investigated levels of salmonellae and the geographic and temporal variation of Salmonella serotypes from surface waters in a region of Georgia ( ; concentrations were significantly higher in the summer months compared to other seasons (P < 0.05). Concentrations were not significantly different between stations. Levels of salmonellae were correlated with average daily watershed rainfall for the 1 and 2 days preceding each sample collection (r ‫؍‬ 0.77 and 0.68, respectively; P < 0.005). Additionally, water temperature was also positively associated with total Salmonella levels (r ‫؍‬ 0.44; P < 0.05). In total, 13 S. enterica serotypes were identified among 197 Salmonella isolates. Eighty (40.6%) were identified as S. enterica subsp. arizonae. Muenchen and Rubislaw were the most frequently identified serotypes of the remaining 117 isolates (28 and 26 isolates, respectively). Serotype diversity peaked in the summer, with 9 serotypes observed in August compared to only one serotype (S. enterica subsp. arizonae) observed in April (2005 and 2006) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, all samples collected in August (6/6) contained multiple serotypes (two to five per sample). The results of this study suggest that Salmonella abundance and diversity in the environment vary temporally and are strongly influenced by seasonal precipitation and water temperature.

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“…On the other hand, all the vegetable isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics (erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole), and about 11% were resistant to multiple antimicrobials. Many researchers (1,20) have reported the presence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella strains in raw vegetables. The presence of resistant Salmonella strains in all the vegetables sampled in the present study is a cause for concern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vegetables are not known to harbor Salmonella, and the presence of Salmonella in vegetables could be due to contamination with sewage-tainted water or handling by humans. A number of studies have demonstrated a close relationship between Salmonella isolates from irrigation water and Salmonella isolates from irrigated vegetables (2,20). Consumption of these contaminated crops could result in the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to consumers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Clinical and Environmental Strains of Salmonella enterica Serotype Weltevreden Isolated in Malaysia

Thong¹,

Goh²,

Radu³

et al. 2002

J Clin Microbiol

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The incidence of food-borne salmonellosis due to Salmonella enterica serotype Weltevreden is reported to be on the increase in Malaysia. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) subtyping method was used to assess the extent of genetic diversity and clonality of Salmonella serotype Weltevreden strains from humans and the environment. PFGE of XbaI-digested chromosomal DNA from 95 strains of Salmonella serotype Weltevreden gave 39 distinct profiles with a wide range of Dice coefficients (0.27 to 1.00), indicating that PFGE is very discriminative and that multiple clones of Salmonella serotype Weltevreden exist among clinical and environmental isolates. Strains of one dominant pulsotype (pulsotype X1/X2) appeared to be endemic in this region, as they were consistently recovered from humans with salmonellosis between 1996 and 2001 and from raw vegetables. In addition, the sharing of similar PFGE profiles among isolates from humans, vegetables, and beef provides indirect evidence of the possible transmission of salmonellosis from contaminated raw vegetables and meat to humans. Furthermore, the recurrence of PFGE profile X21 among isolates found in samples of vegetables from one wet market indicated the persistence of this clone. The environment in the wet markets may represent a major source of cross-contamination of vegetables with Salmonella serotype Weltevreden. Antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that the clinical isolates of Salmonella serotype Weltevreden remained drug sensitive but that the vegetable isolates were resistant to at least two antibiotics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to compare clinical and environmental isolates of Salmonella serotype Weltevreden in Malaysia.

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A comparative study of strains of salmonella isolated from irrigation waters, vegetables and human infections

Cited by 31 publications

References 13 publications

Microbiological Quality of Fresh Vegetables and Fruits Collected from Supermarkets in Istanbul, Turkey

Microbiological Quality of Fresh Vegetables and Fruits Collected from Supermarkets in Istanbul, Turkey

Distribution, Diversity, and Seasonality of Waterborne Salmonellae in a Rural Watershed

Genetic Diversity of Clinical and Environmental Strains of Salmonella enterica Serotype Weltevreden Isolated in Malaysia

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