A Comparative Study of Two Folate-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for Cancer Nanotechnology Applications

Mansoori, G. Ali; Brandenburg, Kenneth S.; Shakeri‐Zadeh, Ali

doi:10.3390/cancers2041911

Cited by 140 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For example, an arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) peptide as a tumor-targeting moiety was conjugated onto the albumin nanoparticles with gemcitabine, inhibiting pancreatic tumor cell growth. 10 Furthermore, various targeting molecules, such as folic acid 11 and biotin, 12 have been extensively investigated, demonstrating improved tumor specificity and reduced toxicity to normal cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatible and biodegradable fibrinogen microspheres for tumor-targeted doxorubicin delivery

Joo¹,

Park²,

An³

2015

IJN

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In the development of effective drug delivery carriers, many researchers have focused on the usage of nontoxic and biocompatible materials and surface modification with targeting molecules for tumor-specific drug delivery. Fibrinogen (Fbg), an abundant glycoprotein in plasma, could be a potential candidate for developing drug carriers because of its biocompatibility and tumor-targeting property via arginine–glycine–aspartate (RGD) peptide sequences. Doxorubicin (DOX), a chemotherapeutic agent, was covalently conjugated to Fbg, and the microspheres were prepared. Acid-labile and non-cleavable linkers were used for the conjugation of DOX to Fbg, resulting in an acid-triggered drug release under a mild acidic condition and a slow-controlled drug release, respectively. In vitro cytotoxicity tests confirmed low cytotoxicity in normal cells and high antitumor effect toward cancer cells. In addition, it was discovered that a longer linker could make the binding of cells to Fbg drug carriers easier. Therefore, DOX–linker–Fbg microspheres could be a suitable drug carrier for safer and effective drug delivery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatible and biodegradable fibrinogen microspheres for tumor-targeted doxorubicin delivery

Joo¹,

Park²,

An³

2015

IJN

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“…15,16 The difficulty in binding nonmodied folic acid involves its low solubility in aqueous media. Moreover, the presence of 2 carboxylic groups in its structure does not facilitate conjugation following AuNPs formation, even though the gamma-COOH group is more active.…”

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confidence: 99%

Towards potent but less toxic nanopharmaceuticals – lipoic acid bioconjugates of ultrasmall gold nanoparticles with an anticancer drug and addressing unit

et al. 2018

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Modification of ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with the lipoic acid derivative of folic acid was found to enhance their accumulation in the cancer cell, as compared to AuNPs without addressing units. The application of lipoic acid enabled the control of the gold nanoparticle functionalities leading to enhanced solubility and allowing for attachment of both the folic acid and the cytotoxic drug, doxorubicin. More robust attachment of doxorubicin to the nanoparticle through the amide bond resulted in toxicity comparable with that of the drug alone, opening a new perspective for designing more potent, but less toxic nanopharmaceuticals. The increased uptake was accompanied by pronounced nuclear accumulation and observable cytotoxicity. Doxorubicin binding via covalent amide bonds enhanced stability of the whole drug vehicle and provided much better control over doxorubicin release in the cell environment, as compared to physical adsorption or pH sensitive bonding commonly used for anthracycline carriers. Confocal microscopy revealed that the bond was stable in the cytoplasm for 22 h. The ability to slow down the rate of drug release may be crucial for the application in sustained anticancer drug delivery. Biological analyses performed using MTT assay and confocal microscopy confirmed that the ultrasmall AuNPs with the lipoic acid derivative of folic acid exhibit relatively low cytotoxicity, however when loaded with a chemotherapeutic, they cause a significant reduction in the cell viability.

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“…29 Following folate binding to its receptor, the nanoparticle is internalized in an endocytic pathway into the cytosol, where the pH drops further to pH 5. 30 Due to the amphiphilic nature of this conjugated nanoparticle, this pH drop will result in a conformational change that will release the therapeutic load directly into the malignant cell ( Figure 2). This specific release has two main advantages: the potent hydrophobic drug transported directly into the cancerous cell will not affect the healthy cells with a significant reduction of the side effects related to chemotherapy, and will allow for a decrease in the drug concentration needed for the desired effect on the cancerous cells.…”

Section: The Efficacy Of Polymers As Targeted Drug Delivery Systems Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Polymer Science: ‘Smart’ Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Cancer

Szewczuk¹

2017

MOJPS

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A Comparative Study of Two Folate-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles for Cancer Nanotechnology Applications

Cited by 140 publications

References 29 publications

Biocompatible and biodegradable fibrinogen microspheres for tumor-targeted doxorubicin delivery

Biocompatible and biodegradable fibrinogen microspheres for tumor-targeted doxorubicin delivery

Towards potent but less toxic nanopharmaceuticals – lipoic acid bioconjugates of ultrasmall gold nanoparticles with an anticancer drug and addressing unit

Advancements in Polymer Science: ‘Smart’ Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Cancer

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