A comparative toxicologic and genotoxic study of the herbicide arsenal, its active ingredient imazapyr, and the surfactant nonylphenol ethoxylate

Grisólia, César Koppe; Bilich, Marina Rolim; Formigli, Lia Menezes

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2004.01.014

Cited by 55 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These results show that concentrations of pesticides used were cytotoxic in G. max. A similar result in mitosis has been observed from the treatment of the herbicides racer (Yüzbaşıoğlu et al 2003), atrazine (Bolle et al 2004), and arsenal (Grisolia et al 2004). There are some possible mechanisms for the chemically decreased mitotic index in plant cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

The Investigation of the Cytotoxic Effects of Some Pesticides on Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.)

Aksoy

Deveci

2012

CYTOLOGIA

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SummaryIn this study, the effects of the fungicide Pomarsol Forte WP 80, the insecticide Arrivo 25 EC and the herbicide The End EC were examined for seed germination percentages, the phases of mitosis and chromosomal abnormalities in soybean (Glycine max L.). Median EC (effective concentration) values were calculated according to relative reduction in root length (T/C%) after treatment for 72 h. Germination percentages of primary soybean roots decreased with increasing pesticide concentrations. Cytological observations showed that the mitotic frequency in root meristematic cells was decreased and that abnormality frequency was also decreased in parallel to the increase in concentrations for all pesticides, except for the 9.6 M concentration of Arrivo 25 EC. The obtained results indicate that these 3 pesticides had the ability to cause a reduction in the seed germination percentage in the number of different phases of mitosis and in the leaf pigment content of soybean (G. max L.).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

The Investigation of the Cytotoxic Effects of Some Pesticides on Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.)

Aksoy

Deveci

2012

CYTOLOGIA

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“…Furthermore it was demonstrated that surfactants and other inert compounds can increase or decrease the toxicity of the formulations [Schmuck et al, 1994;Grisolia et al, 2004;Cox and Surgan, 2006]. Our data suggest that adjuvants in Treflan may reduce the genotoxic potential of trifluralin in fish as compared to pure trifluralin, perhaps as a result of more efficient and direct penetration of the pure product into the fish body.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Previous reviews of technical vs. formulation toxicity showed that approximately one-third of the considered formulated products were more toxic than the technical grade material [Mayer and Ellersieck, 1986;Murty, 1986]. Similarly, results of several studies indicated that pesticide formulations are more potent genotoxins than active ingredients alone in a variety of test systems [Bolognesi et al, 1997;Grisolia et al, 2004;Zeljezic et al, 2006]. On the other hand, Schmuck et al [1994] performed a comprehensive toxicity test using 273 pesticide formulations and active ingredients on fish and reported that more than 75% of the formulated products did not show a higher toxicity than the active ingredients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Genotoxicity testing of the herbicide trifluralin and its commercial formulation Treflan using the piscine micronucleus test

Könen

Çavaş

2008

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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In this study, the genotoxic effects of a widely used herbicide, trifluralin, and its commercial formulation, Treflan, were evaluated using the micronucleus test in a commercially important fish species, Oreochromis niloticus (Nile Tilapia). Fish were exposed to 1, 5, and 10 microg/L doses of trifluralin and Treflan for 3, 6, and 9 days under laboratory conditions. Ethylmethanesulfonate, at a single dose of 10 mg/L, was used as positive control. Micronuclei were evaluated on the peripheral erythrocytes. Both Treflan and trifluralin treatments significantly increased the micronucleus frequencies in peripheral erythrocytes of O. niloticus. Furthermore, the genotoxicity of the active ingredient, trifluralin, was observed to be higher than that of the commercial formulation Treflan. Our results indicate that herbicide trifluralin has genotoxic potential in fish.

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“…Similarly, in our previous study, NP did not increase the frequency of micronuclei in mice or the frequency of chromosome aberrations in Allium cepa root cells. However, NP caused mitotic inhibition in Allium cepa root cells, which means that there is a cytotoxic effect (Grisolia et al 2004). A review by Degen and Mezler (1987) concluded that sex hormones, in general, fail to induce gene mutation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Lethal concentration (LC 50% = 0.032 ml l -1 ) of NP determined by exposure for 72 h in four different concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.1, and 1.0 ml l -1 ) was compared with other biological models previously used in our laboratory, such as on mice (LD 50% = 75.63 ml Kg -1 ), Drosofila melanogaster (LD 50% = 0.043 ml l -1 ) and Biomphalaria tenagophila (LC 50% = 12.56 ml l -1 ) (Grisolia et al 2004;Oliveira-Filho et al 2005). The present study showed that O. niloticus was the most sensitive model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of genotoxicity and effects on reproduction of nonylphenol in Oreochromis niloticus (Pisces: cichlidae)

et al. 2008

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Nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) is widely used as a component of detergents, paints, pesticides, and many other products. In the aquatic environment NPE breakdown to 4-nonylphenol (NP), which is more stable and persistent. NP is estrogenic in fish, avian, and mammals and is described as an environmental pollutant with endocrine disruptor characteristics. The genotoxicity of NP was evaluated through micronuclei assay and single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay) in peripheral erythrocytes of Oreochromis niloticus exposed in vivo. The study on reproductive development was also carried out in male and female gonads of O. niloticus. Lethal concentration (LC 50%) of 0.032 ml l -1 was previously determined. We ran assays with O. niloticus exposed to concentrations of 1.0, 10.0, and 16.0 ll l -1 of NP diluted in water. Our results showed that NP was not genotoxic. However, 3-day exposure to NP in concentrations of 1.0, 10.0, and 16.0 ll l -1 of water increased the frequency of reproductive stages in males and females. The histology of the reproductive tract of the treated fish was significantly altered in females treated with 16.0 ll l -1 of water when compared to controls. Analogous estrogenic effects were observed, such as accelerated maturation of oocytes and spermatogenesis. These results showed that the O. niloticus reproductive system is sensitive to NP estrogenicity.

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A comparative toxicologic and genotoxic study of the herbicide arsenal, its active ingredient imazapyr, and the surfactant nonylphenol ethoxylate

Cited by 55 publications

References 14 publications

The Investigation of the Cytotoxic Effects of Some Pesticides on Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.)

The Investigation of the Cytotoxic Effects of Some Pesticides on Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L.)

Genotoxicity testing of the herbicide trifluralin and its commercial formulation Treflan using the piscine micronucleus test

Evaluation of genotoxicity and effects on reproduction of nonylphenol in Oreochromis niloticus (Pisces: cichlidae)

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