A comparison between the original and Tablet-based Symbol Digit Modalities Test in patients with schizophrenia: Test-retest agreement, random measurement error, practice effect, and ecological validity

Tang, Shih-Fen; Chen, I-Hui; Chiang, Hsin-Yu; Wu, C. T.; Hsueh, I-Ping; Yu, Wan-Hui; Hsieh, Ching-Lin

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.066

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Our data shows high reliability, both in the SDMT and the c-SDMT, with our ICC values of 0.89 and 0.90, respectively, being comparable to those found in earlier studies [SDMT ICC = 0.72-0.98 (Koh et al, 2011;Pereira et al, 2015;Tang et al, 2018), c-SDMT ICC = 0.92-0.97 (Akbar et al, 2011;Bigi et al, 2017)]. Furthermore, the test was equally reliable in younger and older participants.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…To assess the clinical significance of such effects, the RCIp was calculated. For the SDMT our results (RCIp = −3.18, 14.01) are comparable with values reported by Koh et al (2011) (RCIp = −5.29, 10.89) and Tang et al (2018) (RCIp = −7.2, 12.4). For the c-SDMT no such values have been published in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The test's layout does not permit the use of different strategies for its execution, and therefore allows a more isolated assessment of IPS than in tests with other designs (Silva et al, 2018). Advantages of the SDMT include its short duration, its inexpensiveness, ease of administration and sensitivity to numerous neuropsychiatric conditions, although it cannot specify which disorder is affecting the subject (Smith, 1973;Nocentini et al, 2006;Koh et al, 2011;Tang et al, 2018). It is reasonably reliable, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) varying between 0.72 and 0.98 (Koh et al, 2011;Pereira et al, 2015;Tang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advantages of the SDMT include its short duration, its inexpensiveness, ease of administration and sensitivity to numerous neuropsychiatric conditions, although it cannot specify which disorder is affecting the subject (Smith, 1973;Nocentini et al, 2006;Koh et al, 2011;Tang et al, 2018). It is reasonably reliable, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) varying between 0.72 and 0.98 (Koh et al, 2011;Pereira et al, 2015;Tang et al, 2018). Due to its sensitivity to change in neurocognitive function, the SDMT is well-suited to track disease progression (Kiely et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test in a Swiss Pediatric Cohort Part 1: Validation

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to validate the computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test (c-SDMT) in a Swiss pediatric cohort, in comparing the Swiss sample to the Canadian norms. Secondly, we evaluated sex effects, age-effects, and test–retest reliability of the c-SDMT in comparison to values obtained for the paper and pencil version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT).MethodsThis longitudinal observational study was conducted in a single-center setting at the University Children’s Hospital of Bern. Our cohort consisted of 86 children (45 male and 41 female) aged from 8 to 16 years. The cohort included both healthy participants (n = 38) and patients (n = 48) hospitalized for a non-neurological disease. Forty eight participants were assessed during two testing sessions with the SDMT and the c-SDMT.ResultsTest–retest reliability was high in both tests (SDMT: ICC = 0.89, c-SDMT: ICC = 0.90). A reliable change index was calculated for the SDMT (RCIp = −3.18, 14.01) and the c-SDMT (RCIp = −5.45, 1.46) corrected for practice effects. While a significant age effect on information processing speed was observed, no such effect was found for sex. When data on the c-SDMT performance of the Swiss cohort was compared with that from a Canadian cohort, no significant difference was found for the mean time per trial in any age group. Norm values for age groups between 8 and 16 years in the Swiss cohort were established.ConclusionNorms for the c-SDMT between the Swiss and the Canadian cohort were comparable. The c-SDMT is a valid alternative to the SDMT. It is a feasible and easy to administer bedside tool due to high reliability and the lack of motor demands.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test in a Swiss Pediatric Cohort Part 1: Validation

et al. 2021

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“…Moreover, the SDMT has been shown to be the single best indicator of impaired information processing in traumatic brain injury (8). In schizophrenia, where cognitive deficits are common, the SDMT has shown good test-retest reliability and ecological validity as a measure of processing speed and switching attention (14,21,22). There is some evidence that deficits in all cognitive domains in schizophrenia may be determined primarily by impaired processing speed (23).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographically-adjusted normative data for Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) among Sri Lankan adults

2021

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Original paper ConclusionsWe report regression-based norms for the SDMT for Sri Lankans aged 18-83 years, and supplement the regression equation with a Microsoft Excel-based calculator that produces predicted and standardized scores for individual test participants. These norms would assist clinicians in accurately interpreting SDMT test results, accounting for the variability introduced by sex, age and education.

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Validation of a brain-computer interface version of the digit symbol substitution test in healthy subjects

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

Computers in Biology and Medicine

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A comparison between the original and Tablet-based Symbol Digit Modalities Test in patients with schizophrenia: Test-retest agreement, random measurement error, practice effect, and ecological validity

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test in a Swiss Pediatric Cohort Part 1: Validation

Computerized Symbol Digit Modalities Test in a Swiss Pediatric Cohort Part 1: Validation

Demographically-adjusted normative data for Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) among Sri Lankan adults

Validation of a brain-computer interface version of the digit symbol substitution test in healthy subjects

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