A Comparison of Cementation Logging Tools in a Full-Scale Simulator

Hayman, A.J.; Gai, H.; Toma, I.

doi:10.2523/22779-ms

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…Contaminated cement capable of forming a hydraulic seal can be shown as poor cement bond on both cement bond log (CBL) and ultrasonic tool logs (Hayman et al, 1991). This case study shows how real-time microseismic monitoring is used as one of the methods to detect poor isolation due to channeling in the cement bond.…”

Section: Field Case Study 3: Cement Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 94%

Using Microseismic Monitoring as a Real Time Completions Diagnostic Tool in Unconventional Reservoirs: Field Case Studies

Ajayi

Walker

Sink

et al. 2011

SPE Eastern Regional Meeting

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Horizontal wells drilled in unconventional gas reservoirs are often completed by combining multiple perforation clusters in a hydraulic fracture treatment stage. Each treatment stage is typically prevented from communicating by using an isolation plug. It is a challenge to design a limited entry completion that comprehensively ensures that all perforation clusters are equally stimulated within a treatment stage (Miller et al, 2011, Mcdaniel et al, 1999. Slippage or failure of isolation plugs have also been known to occur during treatment execution and in many cases, these failures are discovered only after the well stimulation has been completed. This paper presents three case studies in the Marcellus Shale where real-time microseismic Hydraulic Fracture Monitoring (HFM) was used to evaluate the behavior and development of the induced fracture and a need for the corrective intervention was observed. In one of the cases, an innovative corrective action was implemented and microseismic results show that the intervention was successful.This study shows how real-time microseismic monitoring can been used for not only evaluating fracture geometry and azimuth but can also be used as a diagnostic tool for observing operational failures in completion tools as well as making real-time changes to completion design in order to improve completion efficiency. Some of the potential failures that may be diagnosed using HFM analyzed in this study include loss of isolation between hydraulic fracture stages, breach in casing integrity, poor cement bond in annulus and confirmation of plug ball seating.The first case study describes a hydraulic fracture treatment where the real-time HFM interpretation was useful in identifying a failure in the isolation plug between completion stages. This observation during the treatment execution was later confirmed by tagging the depth of the plug during coiled tubing operations. A production log was also run in the well and showed limited production contribution from the stage with the plug failure. The other two case studies address the use of real-time HFM interpretation to identify undesired fracture growth into an already stimulated region. Subsequent intervention by using an isolation plug between perforation clusters as a means of diversion was implemented in one of the cases.These examples clearly show how real-time microseismic monitoring can be used to adapt conventional completion designs to the dynamic nature of completion operations in the field. The paper also highlights the innovative use of an isolation plug as a diversion mechanism during fracture treatment.

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Section: Field Case Study 3: Cement Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 94%

Using Microseismic Monitoring as a Real Time Completions Diagnostic Tool in Unconventional Reservoirs: Field Case Studies

Ajayi

Walker

Sink

et al. 2011

SPE Eastern Regional Meeting

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Advances in borehole imaging technology and applications

Prensky¹

1999

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Borehole imaging devices are currently available for both wireline and loggingwhile-drilling (LWD) environments for use in both openhole and cased wells. Most wireline, and all LWD devices provide indirect images that are derived from a high-density grid of electrical or ultrasonic acoustic measurements. Optical techniques, such as television and photography, provide direct images of the borehole. Imaging devices consist of (1) a rotating sensor (acoustic or electrical) that scans the borehole with each revolution, (2) multiple, azimuthally placed sensors, or (3) a downhole television or photographic camera. Advances in digital acquisition and processing permit real-time display and evaluation of images of the open borehole or the inside of casing. The resolution and borehole coverage of microelectrode devices has increased with newer designs that allow additional measurement sensors per pad, additional pad segments on a four-arm tool, and the introduction of sixarm imaging tools. In nonconductive borehole fluids, a four-arm microinduction device can provide crude images. Macroelectrode imaging tools (laterolog-type; wireline) provide lower-resolution electrical images from either an azimuthal arrangement of sensors around a mandrel (wireline), or from azimuthally sensitive sensors (logging-while-drilling), that scan the borehole during rotation of the bottomhole assembly. In acoustic imaging, recent devices incorporate design changes that provide improved image resolution and operate in a wider range of borehole conditions. Ultrasonic transducers now use lower transmitting frequencies and spherical focusing and these tools also offer surface-selectable acquisition parameters. Acoustic and microresistivity imaging techniques measure different physical properties and these data are complementary. One recently introduced wireline service combines microresistivity and acoustic imaging devices in a single tool for simultaneous, single-pass acquisition. Recent advances in cable and sonde design permit downhole video in a wider range of petroleum environments, in flowing wells, and in tubing. Openhole image interpretation involves qualitative (visual) identification and quantitative characterization of strike and dip on planar features, lithology, bedding, fractures, and vugs. When core is available, features identified on log-derived images can be correlated or calibrated to it, or when core is absent, images may serve as a substitute. Borehole images are useful in formation evaluation (when calibrated), sedimentology, stratigraphy, and structural analysis. Current applications include core orientation, 'reconstructing' missing core, identification and characterization of fractures and depositional features (e.g. bedforms), reservoir architecture, bedding, grain size, porosity, permeability, net sand and net pay counts, faults, folds, and fractures (hydrocarbon, water, geothermal wells, and in rock engineering), evaluation of borehole stress (borehole stability), directional placement of wellbore for optima...

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A Comparison of Cementation Logging Tools in a Full-Scale Simulator

Cited by 2 publications

References 4 publications

Using Microseismic Monitoring as a Real Time Completions Diagnostic Tool in Unconventional Reservoirs: Field Case Studies

Using Microseismic Monitoring as a Real Time Completions Diagnostic Tool in Unconventional Reservoirs: Field Case Studies

Advances in borehole imaging technology and applications

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