A comparison of diagnostic performance between two quantitative rapid fecal calprotectin assays in detecting active inflammatory bowel disease

Lee, Jong-Mi; Jang, Jin Woo; Ryu, Ji Hyeong; Yoo, Jaeeun; Lee, Bo‐In; Kim, Seung Jun; Oh, Eun‐Jee

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255974

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…Elevated fecal calprotectin is a marker for migration of neutrophils to the intestinal mucosa, which is caused by inflammatory bowel disease. Fecal calprotectin is today widely used for the detection of inflammatory bowel diseases (17)(18)(19). One of the most frequently used tests is fCal Turbo which is an IgY based PETIA (20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken antibodies are highly suitable for particle enhanced turbidimetric assays

Larsson

Campbell²,

Eriksson

2022

Front. Immunol.

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Antibody-based assays are commonly used in clinical laboratories for analyzing plasma, serum and other samples for particular protein markers. Although such assays have been traditionally based on antibodies raised in mammals (e.g., mice, rabbits, goats), there are several advantages of using avian antibodies (IgY) raised in chickens, including production volumes, costs, and ethical/animal welfare considerations. A further disadvantage of using mammalian IgG in such assays is the potential for agglutination when exposed to rheumatoid factor (RF) in serum. However, when used in the free form the immune complexes formed with avian antibodies have been reported to have less ability than those formed with mammalian antibodies to cause the light scatter which are used for instrument measurement. In addition, when the amount of antigen exceeds the maximum precipitating point in relation to the amount of antibody, there is a rapid decline in the absorbance values of the immune complexes (antigen excess) when IgY is used. However, when avian antibodies are conjugated to a substrate and used in particle enhanced turbidimetric assays (PETIA), these problems are avoided. Here we investigated three clinical assays using chicken antibodies, one using free (unbound) IgY and two with IgY-based PETIA. The IgY PETIA demonstrated a strong scatter response, even at high antigen concentrations in contrast to the steep decline seen with free IgY antibodies. IgY PETIA reagents can provide test results with low coefficient of variation (<1% for duplicate samples). We also investigated the effect of RF on agglutination of mammalian antibodies (IgG from mouse, rabbit, sheep, and human) and chicken antibodies. Whereas agglutination was observed with all the mammalian antibodies in the presence of RF, this was not observed at all with chicken IgY. Our results support the growing body of evidence that chicken egg yolks can thus be a valuable source of antibodies for use in PETIA in clinical laboratories.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken antibodies are highly suitable for particle enhanced turbidimetric assays

Larsson

Campbell²,

Eriksson

2022

Front. Immunol.

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Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 Is a Novel Faecal Biomarker for Monitoring Disease Activity and Therapeutic Response in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Jójárt,

Resál,

Kata

et al. 2023

Journal of Crohn's and Colitis

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Background,aims Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis require lifelong treatment and patient monitoring. Current biomarkers have several limitations, therefore, there is an unmet need to identify novel biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Previously, the role of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) was established in the pathogenesis of IBD and suggested as a potential biomarker. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively analyze the selectivity of PAI-1 in IBD, its correlation with the disease activity, and its potential to predict therapeutic response. Methods Blood, colon biopsy, organoid cultures (OC), and faecal samples were used from active and inactive IBD patients and control subjects. Serpin E1 gene expressions and PAI-1 protein levels and localization in serum, biopsy, and fecal samples were evaluated by qRT-PCR, ELISA, and immunostaining, respectively. Results The study population comprised 132 IBD patients (56 CD and 76 UC) and 40 non-IBD patients. We demonstrated that the serum, mucosal, and faecal PAI-1 concentration is elevated in IBD patients, showing clinical and endoscopic activity. In responders (decrease of eMayo≥3 in UC; or SES-CD>50% in CD), the initial PAI-1 level decreased significantly upon successful therapy. OCs derived from active IBD patients produced higher concentrations of PAI-1 than the controls, suggesting that epithelial cells could be a source of PAI-1. Moreover, faecal PAI-1 selectively increases in active IBD but not other organic gastrointestinal diseases. Conclusions The serum, mucosal, and faecal PAI-1 concentration correlates with the disease activity and therapeutic response in IBD, suggesting that PAI-1 could be utilized as a novel non-invasive, disease-specific faecal biomarker in the patient follow-up.

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A comparison of diagnostic performance between two quantitative rapid fecal calprotectin assays in detecting active inflammatory bowel disease

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

Chicken antibodies are highly suitable for particle enhanced turbidimetric assays

Chicken antibodies are highly suitable for particle enhanced turbidimetric assays

Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 Is a Novel Faecal Biomarker for Monitoring Disease Activity and Therapeutic Response in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

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