A comparison of different compressive forces on graft materials during alveolar ridge preservation

Abstract

PurposeFollowing tooth extraction, alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) can maintain the dimensions of ridge height and width. Although previous studies have demonstrated the effects of ARP, few if any studies have investigated the compressive force applied during grafting. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different compressive forces on the graft materials during ARP.MethodsAfter tooth extraction, sockets were filled with deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% porcine collagen and covered by a resorbable collagen membrane in a double-layered fashion. The graft materials were compressed using a force of 5 N in the test group (n=12) and a force of 30 N in the control group (n=12). A hidden X suture was performed to secure the graft without primary closure. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed immediately after grafting and 4 months later, just before implant surgery. Tissue samples were retrieved using a trephine bur from the grafted sites during implant surgery for histologic and histomorphometric evaluations. Periotest values (PTVs) were measured to assess the initial stability of the dental implants.ResultsFour patients dropped out from the control group and 20 patients finished the study. Both groups healed without any complications. The CBCT measurements showed that the ridge volume was comparably preserved vertically and horizontally in both groups (P>0.05). Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated that the ratio of new bone formation was significantly greater in the test group (P<0.05). The PTVs showed no significant differences between the 2 groups (P>0.05).ConclusionsThe application of a greater compressive force on biomaterials during ARP significantly enhanced new bone formation while preserving the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the alveolar ridge. Further studies are required to identity the optimal compressive force for ARP.

Ridge preservation in molar extraction sites with an open‐healing approach: A randomized controlled clinical trial

“…However, such exposure appears to receive less attention in the current era of resorbable membranes, which might be due to the tissue‐friendly nature of resorbable membranes (Kim et al, ) or the rapid vascularization and integration of tissue into a resorbable collagen membrane (Rothamel et al, ). With regard to ARP, the planned partial exposure of resorbable membranes was found not to harm clinical healing, nor did it lead to complications (Cardaropoli et al, ; Cha et al, ; Cho et al, ; Engler‐Hamm, Cheung, Yen, Stark, & Griffin, ), in line with our findings.…”

“…Favourable results in maintaining ridge dimension and vital bone formation were demonstrated in ARP without primary flap closure (i.e. an open‐healing approach) (Cardaropoli, Tamagnone, Roffredo, Gaveglio, & Cardaropoli, ; Cho, Park, & Shin, ; Kim et al, ). This approach can be beneficial to both clinicians and patients, due to its minimally traumatic nature (Lee, Lee, Koo, Seol, & Lee, ).…”

Alveolar ridge preservation using an open membrane approach for sockets with bone deficiency: A randomized controlled clinical trial

“…In many studies on ARP in sockets of nonmolar teeth with minimal bone deficiency, resorbable collagen membranes have been used . However, resorption of a collagen membrane over time may influence the maintenance of ridge dimension, especially for sockets with substantial bone deficiency; instead, nonresorbable d‐PTFE membrane may be more advantageous in this situation.…”

“…Changes in the vertical ridge height at the buccal, mid, and lingual crests (VHB, VHM, and VHL, respectively), assessed using CBCT.…”

Alveolar ridge preservation with an open-healing approach using single-layer or double-layer coverage with collagen membranes

“…However, collagen membranes undergo degradation when exposed to the oral cavity, and due to their tendency for fast resorption, it has been suspected that collagen membranes may not be able to provide suitable stabilization for bone grafts during the healing period, especially with single coverage. The authors of the present study have previously analyzed the effects of open-healing ARP in clinical, histological, and radiographic aspects in 2 previous studies [ 16 17 ]. In those studies, double-layer coverage with resorbable collagen membranes was used to protect the operated sites.…”