A Comparison of Gene Expression Profiles of Rat Tissues after Mild and Short-Term Calorie Restrictions

Saito, Kenji; Ito, Maiko; Chiba, Takuya; Jia, Huijuan; Kato, Harubumi

doi:10.3390/nu13072277

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Moreover, various CR regimens have been shown to affect some common molecular targets. We confirmed that in our model the hepatic gene expression of fasn , acly , and sirt1 followed typical patterns for CR [ 20 , 21 ]. Generally, although SCR exerts smaller metabolic effects than those expected of a long-term intervention, it is more feasible to carry out in humans [ 29 ], which was also a reason to choose it for the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Various regimens of CR affect the expression of common target genes [ 20 , 21 ]. To examine whether SCR leads to similar changes, we analyzed the hepatic mRNA expression of fatty acid synthase ( fasn ) and ATP-citrate lyase ( acly ), i.e., genes encoding lipogenic enzymes downregulated by CR, as well as sirtuin 1 ( sirt1 ), encoding a deacetylase typically upregulated by CR (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sestrins’ Expression in the Liver Is Not Altered by Short-Term Calorie Restriction in Young and Old Rats

Wrońska¹,

Zubrzycki²,

Kmieć³

2022

Gerontology

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Introduction: Short-term calorie restriction (SCR) may have a positive impact on health. We hypothesized that sestrins, a family of stress-inducible proteins (Sesn1, Sesn2, Sesn3) are involved in the response to SCR in the liver. Methods: Young-adult (4-month) and old (24-month) male Wistar rats were either fed ad libitum (control groups) or received 60% of food intake on a daily basis for 30 days (SCR groups). In blood sera, biochemical parameters and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) concentration were measured (ELISA). Liver samples were collected for analyses of genes’ expression (real-time PCR) and protein levels (Western blotting). Results: SCR caused improvements in blood glucose and lipids and parameters of liver function but did not affect the serum FGF21 concentration. SCR caused changes typically associated with calorie restriction in the gene expression of fatty acid synthase (fasn), ATP-citrate lyase (acly), and sirtuin 1 (sirt1). In the liver of young SCR rats, protein level of Sesn2 tended to increase, while Sesn3 tended to decrease, accompanied by reduced sesn3 expression. In old SCR rats, reduced sesn1 expression was reflected by decreasing trend for Sesn1 content. Activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (phospho-Thr172) and protein content of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha were not affected by SCR. Conclusion: Sestrins’ hepatic expression is only minimally affected by SCR in young and old rats. We propose that sestrins may not be a major effector of mild SCR in the liver of young or old rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sestrins’ Expression in the Liver Is Not Altered by Short-Term Calorie Restriction in Young and Old Rats

Wrońska¹,

Zubrzycki²,

Kmieć³

2022

Gerontology

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“…For instance, short-term CR results in a striking degree of altered gene expression in the amygdala of mice who demonstrate an anxiolytic behavioural profile [ 15 ]. Gene expression changes in the hypothalamus, another key brain region involved in the regulation of anxiety [ 21 ], are also evident in mice [ 22 ] and rats [ 23 ] undergoing a short-term mild to moderate (5% to 30%) calorie reduced diet. Moreover, many of the identified genes altered as a consequence of CR are associated with the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis [ 15 , 22 , 24 ], also heavily implicated in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders (see [ 25 ] for a review).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Calorie Restriction Alters Anxiety-like Behaviour and the Brain and Adrenal Gland Transcriptomes of the Ageing Male Rat

et al. 2022

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Further examination of the molecular regulators of long-term calorie restriction (CR), reported to have an anxiolytic effect, may highlight novel therapeutic targets for anxiety disorders. Here, adult male Hooded Wistar rats were exposed to a 25% CR whilst anxiety-like behaviour was assessed at 6-, 12-, and 18-months of age via the elevated plus maze, open field, and acoustic startle tests. Next-generation sequencing was then used to measure transcriptome-wide gene expression in the hypothalamus, amygdala, pituitary, and adrenal glands. Results showed an anxiolytic behavioural profile across early, middle, and late adulthood by CR, with the strongest effects noted at 6-months. Transcriptomic analysis by seven attribute weighting algorithms, including Info Gain Ratio, Rule, Chi Squared, Gini Index, Uncertainty, Relief, and Info Gain, led to the development of a signature of long-term CR, independent of region. Complement C1q A chain (C1qa), an extracellular protein, expression was significantly decreased by CR in most regions examined. Furthermore, text mining highlighted the positive involvement of C1qa in anxiety, depression, neurodegeneration, stress, and ageing, collectively identifying a suitable biomarker candidate for CR. Overall, the current study identified anxiety-related phenotypic changes and a novel transcriptome signature of long-term CR, indicating potential therapeutic targets for anxiety, depression, and neurodegeneration.

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“…Furthermore, the low protein diet group was given a standard feed modification with a 5% feed protein of the total energy a day [16]. The low protein-energy diet group used the 30 percent feed restriction from the control diet to make the rats undernourished [17]. The rats were acclimatized for a week prior to treatment to ensure consistent physical and psychological conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Body Weight, Serum Albumin and Total Protein of Undernourished Rat Model after Milks-Based and Fish-Soy-Based RUTF Intervention

Fadly,

Rimbawan,

Damayanthi

et al. 2024

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) has been formulated to address severe acute malnourished (SAM) in children under five years old, but its efficacy in undernourished rat models should be assessed before human trials can be conducted. This research examined how RUTF with milk-based and fish-soy-based impacted body weight, serum albumin level, and total protein level in undernourished rats. Using a factorial randomized group design, 31 male Wistar rats were split into three intervention groups: control (standard diet), low protein (5%), and low protein energy (30%) diet restriction. After 21 days of inducing malnutrition, each group received randomly assigned milk-based or fish-soy-based RUTF. The findings revealed that both groups’ body weight, serum albumin, and total protein had significantly improved to normal ranges. Statistical analysis did not show significant differences between the two groups in terms of body weight (p = 0.904), serum albumin (p=0.645), and serum total protein (p=0.504). This study suggests that producing RUTF from local resources such as soybean and fish in Indonesia could improve the nutritional status of undernourished animal models, which can be further studied in human subjects.

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A Comparison of Gene Expression Profiles of Rat Tissues after Mild and Short-Term Calorie Restrictions

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Sestrins’ Expression in the Liver Is Not Altered by Short-Term Calorie Restriction in Young and Old Rats

Sestrins’ Expression in the Liver Is Not Altered by Short-Term Calorie Restriction in Young and Old Rats

Long-Term Calorie Restriction Alters Anxiety-like Behaviour and the Brain and Adrenal Gland Transcriptomes of the Ageing Male Rat

Improving Body Weight, Serum Albumin and Total Protein of Undernourished Rat Model after Milks-Based and Fish-Soy-Based RUTF Intervention

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