A Comparison of Low-Carbohydrate<i>vs.</i>High-Carbohydrate Diets: Energy Restriction, Nutrient Quality and Correlation to Body Mass Index

Bowman, Shanthy; Spence, Joseph T.

doi:10.1080/07315724.2002.10719220

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…This finding is in contrast to previous studies, which showed an inverse association between carbohydrate consumption and BMI [24,36]. Newby et al [37] reported that those with the highest carbohydrate consumption (61.9% of energy) had the lowest annual gain in BMI and waist circumference.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…Newby et al [37] reported that those with the highest carbohydrate consumption (61.9% of energy) had the lowest annual gain in BMI and waist circumference. Typically, higher carbohydrate intake (59-67%) was associated with lower intakes of total energy [24,36,38]. Our study also showed that women with high carbohydrate intakes (N70%) took lower total energy compared to those with 55-70% carbohydrate intake.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

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Dietary carbohydrate intake is associated with cardiovascular disease risk in Korean: Analysis of the third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES III)

Park

Lee

Park

2010

International Journal of Cardiology

129

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Dietary carbohydrate intake is associated with cardiovascular disease risk in Korean: Analysis of the third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES III)

Park

Lee

Park

2010

International Journal of Cardiology

129

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“…An analysis from the 1994 to 1996 Continuing Survey Food Intake by Individuals by the United States Department of Agriculture considered a very low carbohydrate intake to be less than 30% of daily calories and a lowcarbohydrate intake to be 30% to 45% of daily calories [5]. A recent meta-analysis of carbohydrate restriction in diabetes management compared lower carbohydrate diets, which varied in carbohydrate content from 4% to 45% of daily calories, to control diets higher in carbohydrates [2•].…”

Section: Low-carbohydrate and Restricted-carbo Hydrate Defi Nitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diet of early hunter-gatherers and some isolated societies contained little carbohydrate because most foods rich in carbohydrates are from cultivated crops [5,6]. Agricultural development brought about the rise of civilization and the gradual rise of carbohydrate levels in human diets.…”

Section: Evolution Of Low-carbohydrate Diets In Diabetes and Obesity mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-carbohydrate diets: An update on current research

Wylie‐Rosett

Davis

2009

Curr Diab Rep

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The diabetes and obesity epidemics have stimulated research to assess the benefits and potential risks of low-carbohydrate diets. Carbohydrate comprises less than 45% of calories in carbohydrate-restricted diets, but very low carbohydrate ketogenic diets may restrict carbohydrate to 20 g initially with variability in the carbohydrate level subsequently. Some research suggests that low-carbohydrate diets may achieve better early weight loss than comparison diets higher in carbohydrate. Studies of up to 1 year suggest that weight loss on low-carbohydrate diet is comparable with fat-restricted diets with higher carbohydrate content. Limited research has been conducted to evaluate low-carbohydrate diets in managing type 2 diabetes. Although science continues to advance in this field, current research suggests that low-carbohydrate diets can be a viable option for achieving weight loss and may have beneficial effects on glycemic control, triglyceride levels, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in some patients.

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“…58 Obese children and adolescents also may have lower levels of some fat soluble vitamins (A, D and E), 59,60 and dietary calcium intake has been decreasing among children and adolescents over the past few decades. 61,62 Specific data on pre-existing calcium and vitamin D deficiencies in obese adolescents are lacking. Short-term preliminary assessment of a series of adolescents in our program is reassuring, as we have found that bone mineral content and density is typically 2 to 3 s.d.…”

Section: Nutritional Risks Of Weight Loss Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bariatric surgery for pediatric extreme obesity: now or later?

2006

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Obesity is a multifactorial disease of epidemic and global proportions that poses the most significant threat to the health of our younger generations. Those who are the most extremely affected bear the largest burden of health problems. In the US, extreme obesity affects approximately 9 million adults and 2 million children, and is associated with both immediate health problems and later health risk, including premature mortality. Present medical and behavioral interventions for extreme obesity in adults and children rarely result in the significant, durable weight loss necessary to improve health outcomes, prompting a search for more aggressive measures. Weight loss (bariatric) surgery has been advocated as an intervention for those with extreme obesity. In adults, bariatric surgery results in prolonged weight control and improvement in serious obesity comorbidities, namely type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemias, hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. A surge in weight loss operations for adolescents has been observed recently, with a threefold increase in case volumes nationwide from 2000 to 2003. Current evidence suggests that after bariatric surgery, adolescents lose significant weight and serious obesity-related medical conditions and psychosocial status are improved. Thus it is reasonable to propose that bariatric surgery performed in the adolescent period may be more effective treatment for childhood-onset extreme obesity than delaying surgery for extremely obese youth until adulthood. This position has been echoed by a number of groups and an independent systematic review. Finally, it is conceivable that bariatric surgery performed in adulthood for childhood onset extreme obesity may not be as effective for comorbidity treatment as surgery performed earlier during adolescence. The purpose of this review is to examine the evidence, which supports early rather than later use of bariatric surgery in the treatment of extreme obesity, and to present this information in light of the medical and surgical risks of bariatric surgery.

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A Comparison of Low-Carbohydratevs.High-Carbohydrate Diets: Energy Restriction, Nutrient Quality and Correlation to Body Mass Index

Abstract: A study of diets of free-living adults in the U.S. showed that diets high in carbohydrate were both energy restrictive and nutritious and may be adopted for successful weight management.

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Dietary carbohydrate intake is associated with cardiovascular disease risk in Korean: Analysis of the third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES III)

Dietary carbohydrate intake is associated with cardiovascular disease risk in Korean: Analysis of the third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES III)

Low-carbohydrate diets: An update on current research

Bariatric surgery for pediatric extreme obesity: now or later?

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