A comparison of methods for shoulder strength assessment and analysis of Constant score change in patients aged over fifty years in the United Kingdom

Walton, Michael; Walton, Julia; Honorez, L.A.M.; Harding, V.F.; Wallace, W. Angus

doi:10.1016/j.jse.2006.08.002

Cited by 34 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Incorporation of a correction factor between the mean and maximum strength has been demonstrated to minimise the impact on the final score [11,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-specific Constant score correction for age

Tavakkolizadeh

Ghassemi

Colegate-Stone

et al. 2009

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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To investigate the relationship between age, gender and the Constant score. Two hundred and seventy Healthy volunteers (527 normal shoulders) from our local population with no previous history of shoulder disease were assessed using the Constant score. The mean age was 43.9 years (16-86) and the mean Constant score 85.9 (56-100). The mean score was 88.1 (range 56-100) for men and 83.7 (range 60-100) for women. A mixed regression model estimated that, for the male population, the Constant score falls by 0.15 points per annum between the ages of 50 and 70 and by 1.3 points per year after the age of 70. Similarly, for the female population, the fall is of 0.25 per year between 60 and 70 and 0.35 after the age of 70. The changes are statistically significant (P < 0.01) and clinically important when comparing patients of different age groups.

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“…Incorporation of a correction factor between the mean and maximum strength has been demonstrated to minimise the impact on the final score [11,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-specific Constant score correction for age

Tavakkolizadeh

Ghassemi

Colegate-Stone

et al. 2009

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc

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“…The median length of the right and left arms measured from the acromion to the distal radius at the joint line (lever arm) was 54 cm (range, 42-64 cm). The median body weight and height were 72 kg (range, 45-125 kg) and 173 cm (range, 158-203 cm), respectively, with a median BMI of 23 (range, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]). An abbreviated self-assessment CMS test [3,26] was completed by the volunteers, which indicated no shoulder complaints, with every volunteer scoring the maximum of 75 points on a scale from 0 to 75.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of Shoulder Abduction Strength Measure for the Constant-Murley Score

Hirschmann

Wind

Amsler³

et al. 2010

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Reports using the Constant-Murley score often lack details regarding how strength measurement was performed, which may have an important impact on the results obtained. A description of the measurement is especially important when patients are unable to adopt the prescribed position of 90 degrees shoulder abduction, leading to invalid or highly discrepant scores. We investigated the influence of shoulder abduction and torso position on strength measurement with special emphasis on intraobserver reliability. Thirty-three healthy volunteers were examined using a handheld dynamometer (Isobex) in 30 degrees , 60 degrees , and 90 degrees abduction with or without stabilization of the torso. A linear correlation between strength measurements in different degrees of abduction was observed, with values at 90 degrees abduction on average 15% lower than at 60 degrees and 45% lower than at 30 degrees . In multivariate analysis, gender and weight had a substantial impact on the strength of individual measurement positions. Intraobserver reliability was related to arm and torso position (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.71-0.93) and was highest for 90 degrees abduction without torso stabilization. These findings emphasize the importance of standardized torso and arm positions ensuring high reliability when performing the strength measurement of the Constant-Murley score.

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“…Previous studies, reported in 2007 [15] have highlighted the changes in the CS in normal people with increasing age and between the sexes. Table 2 shows the estimated normal CSs for age and sex.…”

Section: Using the Constant Score To Evaluate The Outcome Following Smentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Bankes et al [14] have described the fixed spring balance modification (fixed to a desk or to the floor) as a low-cost technique, which gave similar and equally reproducible values for power when compared with an electronic measuring device [15] . However, it does reliably detect improvements in shoulder function after intervention [16] .…”

Section: Constant Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it does reliably detect improvements in shoulder function after intervention [16] . Some concerns have been expressed about the different results reported for males and females and the reduction of scores with increasing age [15] but these have been addressed by the use of the modified CS, which corrects for both age and gender [17] .…”

Section: Constant Scorementioning

confidence: 99%

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