A Comparison of Unenriched Versus 15n-Enriched Fertilizer as a Tracer for N Fertilizer Uptake

Geographical origin of cereal grains based on element analyser-stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-SIRMS)

“…Generally, the isotopic compositions of plant materials reflect various factors such as isotopic compositions of source materials (e.g., CO 2 , H 2 O and NO 2 ) and their assimilation processes as well as growth environments, especially the climate and altitude. The carbon isotopic composition of plant materials strongly depends on the carbon fixation process such as the C-3, C-4 or crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) cycle (Smith & Epstein, 1971), while the nitrogen isotopic composition mainly depends on soil nutrition (Kohl, Shearer, & Commones, 1973;Meints, Shearer, Kohl, & Kurtz, 1975;Shearer & Legg, 1975). Therefore, characteristics of the isotopic compositions have been widely used to investigate the authenticity of food materials.…”

The application of stable isotope ratio analysis to determine the geographical origin of wheat

“…Different photosynthesis pathway of plants presents biological discrimination effect on the carbon fixation process, which can cause the difference of 12 C/ 13 C in different kinds of plants, resulting in the d 13 C values of plants in C-3 cycle and C-4 cycle were À22‰ to À33‰ and À10‰ to À20‰, respectively, while that of plants in CAM cycle was wider. Unlike carbon isotopic composition, the nitrogen isotopic composition mainly depends on soil nutrition (Elflein & Raezke, 2008;Kropf et al, 2010;Meints, Shearer, Kohl, & Kurtz, 1975). In conclusion, EA-SIRMS can be regarded as a useful and potential method in identification of geographical origins of many kinds of food and cereal crops.…”

Statistical Analysis of Rice Samples for Compositions of Multiple Light Elements (H, C, N, and O) and Their Stable Isotopes

“…19 The nitrogen isotopic composition mainly depends on soil nutrition. [20][21][22] The oxygen isotopic composition of the plant materials mainly reflects that of local ground water: meteoric water and/or ice-melt water. 23,24 By optimizing such usefulness of the light elemental isotopic compositions, we have applied a multi-elemental stable isotope technique for rice samples in order to classify the rice cultivars and cultivar areas.…”