A Comparison Study of the Osseointegration of Zirconia and Titanium Dental Implants. A Biomechanical Evaluation in the Maxilla of Pigs

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

Anglada

2016

Among the diverse treatments proposed to promote the osseointegration of zirconia dental implants, hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching appears to be a good candidate. However little is known on the effect of this process on the mechanical properties and long-term reliability. In this work, the surface integrity, the flexural strength and the ageing sensitivity of yttria-stabilized zirconia were assessed after etching in HF 40%. Results show that etching induces an increase of monoclinic phase content and a decrease in flexural strength. The strength decrease is limited to 15% for etching times below 60 min, whereas it reaches 29 % after 120 min because of the formation of large etching pits. No substantial change in the ageing sensitivity was evidenced.Within the limits of this study, HF 40% etched zirconia appears to be reliable for long-term implantation provided that the etching duration does not exceed 60 min.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrofluoric acid etching of dental zirconia. Part 2: effect on flexural strength and ageing behavior

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

Anglada

2016

“…Gahlert et al evidenced that hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching of zirconia implants enhances bone apposition resulting in high removal torque values (Gahlert et al, 2010). Other chemicals, such as hypophosphorous acid or an equimolar mixture of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, have been reported to successfully etch Y-TZP (Casucci et al, 2010;Gruber et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface roughened zirconia: towards hydrothermal stability

Camposilvan

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

Anglada

2015

Surface roughness is needed in several yttria-stabilized zirconia components used in restorative dentistry for osseointegration or adhesion purposes. This can be achieved by different treatments, which may also modify the microstructure of the surface. Among them, sandblasting and chemical etching are widely used, but their effect on hydrothermal aging of zirconia is not fully understood. In the present work, the zirconia long-term stability of rough surfaces prepared by these techniques is analyzed and a method is proposed for preventing hydrothermal aging while maintaining the original surface appearance and mechanical properties. The method involves pressure infiltration of a Cerium salt solution on the roughened surfaces followed by a thermal treatment. The solution, trapped by surface defects and small pores, is decomposed during thermal treatment into Cerium oxide, which is diffused at high temperature, obtaining Ce co-doping in the near-surface region.In addition, the microstructural changes induced in the near-surface by sandblasting or chemical etching are removed by the thermal treatment together with surface defects. No color modification was observed and the final roughness parameters were in the range of existing implants of proved good osseointegration. The aging resistance of Ce co-doped materials was strongly enhanced, showing the absence of aging after artificial degradation, increasing in this way the surface mechanical integrity.The proposed treatment is easily applicable to the current manufacturing procedures of zirconia dental posts, abutments, crowns and dentures, representing a solution to hydrothermal aging in these and other biomedical applications.

“…Although other chemicals, such as hypophosphorous acid or an equimolar mixture of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, have been reported to successfully etch Y-TZP [11,12], HF presents the advantage to be a fast etchant at room temperature. More importantly, Gahlert et al evidenced that HF etching of zirconia implants enhances bone apposition resulting in high removal torque values [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrofluoric acid etching of dental zirconia. Part 1: etching mechanism and surface characterization

Journal of the European Ceramic Society

Marro

Rovira

et al. 2016

Rough surfaces have been shown to promote osseointegration, which is one of the keys for a successful dental implantation. Among the diverse treatments proposed to roughen zirconia, hydrofluoric acid (HF) etching appears to be a good candidate, however little is known about this process. In this work, the effect of HF concentration and etching time on the surface topography and chemistry of yttria-stabilized zirconia was assessed.Besides, to understand the etching mechanism, the reaction products present in solution and on the surface were characterized. The results indicate suitable parameters for a fast and uniform roughening of zirconia. The formation of adhered fluoride precipitates on the surface is reported for the first time and highlights the importance of cleaning after etching. Finally, it is shown that monitoring the time allows controlling the surface roughness, smooth-rough transition and fractal dimension, which should make possible the fabrication of implants with an optimal topography.